Description of ongoing and performed projects – Institute of Engineering Thermophysics

Description of ongoing and performed projects

2022

1. Topic 1.7.1.896 “DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS AND MEANS OF ENHANCEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN GAS TURBO CONSTRUCTION AND THERMAL ENERGY.” Departmental subject, code of the budget program under which financing is carried out: KPKVK 6541030

An analysis of the thermo-hydraulic efficiency of vortex film cooling of gas turbine blades under rotating conditions was carried out. A computer simulation of film cooling on convex and concave surfaces was carried out when the coolant was fed into recesses of different configurations. The regularity of surface-vortex film cooling was determined, the influence of convex and concave curvature on the local and average efficiency of film cooling under conditions of rotation was investigated. The vortex structure of the flow was determined and analyzed, and a comparative analysis of the obtained results for concave and convex surfaces was carried out.

With the help of a number of developed models, for the first time, a cycle of work on forecasting the thermogasodynamic and radiation conditions of the New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chernobyl NPP during the spread of radioactive dust in the middle of the NSC and significant dust emissions into the environment in the scenarios of the collapse of the structure of the Shelter Facility and the fire of the roof of the mashzal . An important result of the work is the selection of compensatory measures to protect personnel and the environment.

2. Topic 1.7.1.899 “DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PRINCIPLES OF MODERNIZATION OF THE SYSTEMS OF CENTRALIZED HEAT SUPPLY OF UKRAINE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE FOURTH GENERATION OF THESE SYSTEMS.” Departmental subject of applied research, budget program code under which funding is provided: KPKVK 6541030

In the context of the requirements of the modern energy package of Ukraine, on the one hand, and the requirement for climate neutrality as a target indicator of the “EU Green Deal”, on the other hand, the features, structure and main components of the existing SCT in Ukraine (heat-generating equipment; heat networks; heat points; multi-apartment buildings as the foundations of the SCT object base) and their compliance with the requirements of the EU “Fitfor 55” energy package. The main scientific and technical principles of the modernization of the SCT of Ukraine as an associate member of the EU regarding their compliance with the requirements of the EU energy package “Fitfor 55” have been analyzed. The features, structure, and main components of Ukraine’s prospective SCT are considered (houses with zero energy consumption of fossil fuels, multiple energy-generating installations of centralized and decentralized generation based on renewable energy sources; multi-level smart dispatch centers; energy storage systems; relevant information, switching and power infrastructure, etc.). The main provisions regarding the development of domestic SCTs have been developed and proposed, in particular, regarding the means and directions of integration of heat and electric networks, energy storage systems, final energy consumers and their sets into interconnected intelligent energy systems of various ranks.

3. Contract No. 33/04 -2022 “CONCEPTUAL ANALYSIS AND THE POSSIBILITY OF CREATING SMALL-SIZE COMBAT UNMANNED AIRCRAFT WITH MICRO-JET ENGINES THRUST 10-90 KGS AND REDUCED RADOLOCATION VISIBILITY OF THE Glider” (Defense topic)

A conceptual analysis of the creation of combat small unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with a mini-jet engine with a thrust of 10-90 kgf was performed. On the basis of a statistical approach, an assessment of the weight, geometric and speed characteristics of the MBPLA was made. The data characterizing the maximum take-off weight, mass of the payload, height and flight speed of the UAV were obtained. Dynamic and altitude-speed characteristics of the cruise flight are determined for the MBPLA with an engine thrust of 20 kgf mode, when gaining altitude, as well as during the descent stage, received data on the range and duration of the flight. Conclusions have been made about the feasibility of using technology to reduce radar visibility in the design of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The list of possible operational-tactical tasks for an unmanned aerial vehicle with a mini-jet engine with a thrust of 10-90 kgf is substantiated, some features and results of the use of an unmanned aerial vehicle in the military conflict between Russia and Ukraine are formulated. The method of forcing the thrust of a mini-jet engine, based on the ejection of atmospheric air by a pulsating active nozzle jet, is considered

4. Topic No. 1.7.1.904 “INCREASING THE EFFICIENCY OF THE TECHNOLOGY FOR REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS THROUGH FLUE GAS RECIRCULATION IN BOILER INSTALLATIONS OF MUNICIPAL AND INDUSTRIAL ENERGY.”

Departmental subject of fundamental research, code of the budget program under which funding is carried out: KPKVK 6541230

The thermo-hydraulic characteristics of plate, tubular and tubular-ribbed heat exchangers with improved thermo-hydraulic characteristics were analyzed. It is shown that the use of recesses significantly improves the thermohydraulic characteristics of heat exchangers. The features of the flow and heat exchange when flowing around tube bundles with depressions and helical grooves on the outer surface of the tubes are considered. The use of this technology leads to a significant decrease in hydraulic resistance due to the displacement of the separation angle downstream. The high heat exchange in the aft region of the cylinders and the interaction of the vortex structures on the side surfaces of the adjacent cylinders contribute to the high level of average heat exchange on the surface of the spiral grooved cylinders compared to the bundle of smooth cylinders. Based on the high thermo-hydraulic efficiency of tube bundles with depressions and spiral grooves, a conclusion was made about the expediency of their use in the practice of developing and creating modern heat exchange equipment.

5. Contract No. 14/01-2022(4) “HEAT EXCHANGE AND HYDRODYNAMICS IN INNOVATIVE SYSTEMS OF FILM COOLING OF BLADES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS TURNIES”, code 6541230

The NAS of Ukraine grant, implemented by research laboratories/groups of young scientists of the NAS of Ukraine, 2022-2023.

An analysis of world experience in the application of film cooling of high-temperature gas turbines was carried out. The first part of the study was to perform computer simulations of film cooling for schemes such as trench and triangular recesses on a flat surface, under conditions of surface rotation; single – two- and three-row cooler supply, curved surface. Data were obtained on flow velocity and temperature profiles, film cooling efficiency, turbulent and vortex structure of the flow. An experimental study of the M-cycle according to a new scheme with porous walls in a wet channel was carried out.

6. Contract topic: No. 1 ITT “DEVELOPMENT OF SCENARIOS, INITIAL DATA AND MODELS OF EMISSIONS OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS IN THE VOLUMES OF NBK AND INTO THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT (“LOW” EMISSION) DUE TO THE COLLAPSE OF THE STRUCTURE IN THE “Shelter Facility”.

On the basis of the operational data of the radiation state of the NBK received from the customer (IPB of the NPP of the National Academy of Sciences), scenarios and models of emissions of radioactive aerosols in the volumes of the NBK and into the environment (“low” emission) due to the collapse of the structure in the “Shelter Facility” were developed

7. Negotiable subject: No. 2 ITT “SELECTION OF THERMOGAS-DYNAMIC MODELS AND POSSIBLE SCENARIOS OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOL EMISSIONS INTO THE VOLUME OF THE NBK, THE RING SPACE OF THE ARCH OF THE NBK AND INTO THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT AS A RESULT OF A FIRE ON THE ROOF OF THE MASHZAL.”

In accordance with the technical task of the customer (IPB of the NPP of the National Academy of Sciences of the Russian Academy of Sciences), a selection of thermogas-dynamic models and possible scenarios of emissions of radioactive aerosols into the volume of the NBK, the ring space of the Arch of the NBK and into the surrounding environment as a result of the fire on the roof of the mashzal was carried out.

8. Contract topic: No. 3 ITT “COMPUTER MODELING OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOL EMISSIONS IN THE VOLUMES OF NBK AND INTO THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT (“LOW” EMISSION) DUE TO THE COLLAPSE OF THE STRUCTURE IN THE “SHELTER FACILITY”.

Prepared initial data in tabular or graphic form, method of work performance and model of distribution of air flows with radioactive aerosols in NBK. Computer modeling of radioactive aerosol emissions in the volumes of the NSC and into the surrounding environment (“low emission”) as a result of the collapse of the structure in the “Shelter Facility” was carried out.

9. Contract topic: No. 4 ITT “THERMOGASDYNAMIC AND RADIATION ANALYSIS OF EMISSIONS OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS IN THE VOLUME OF THE NBK, THE RING SPACE OF THE ARCH OF THE NBK AND INTO THE SURROUNDING ENVIRONMENT AS A RESULT OF A FIRE ON THE ROOF OF THE MASHZAL ACCORDING TO SELECTED SCENARIOS.”

Prepared initial data in tabular or graphic form, method of work performance and model of distribution of air flows with radioactive aerosols in NBK. Thermogasdynamic and radiation analysis of emissions was performed of radioactive aerosols in the volume of the NBK, the ring space of the Arch of the NBK and into the surrounding environment as a result of a fire on the roof of the mashzal according to the selected scenarios.

2021

1. Topic 1.7.1.880 “DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF A SUPER-DEFECTIVE HEAT PUMP BASED ON RANKIN AND MISSOCENKA CYCLES FOR HEAT SUPPLY AND AIR CONDITIONING OF BUILDINGS”. Target scientific program of the branch of the National Academy of Sciences, KPKVK 6541030

Fundamentally new schemes of a super-efficient heat pump based on a combination of Rankine and Maysotsenko cycles are proposed. It is shown that the efficiency of the combined cycle for space heating is 7.4…9.7, and for air conditioning – 10.5…16.3. A new scheme of the individual cell of the heat and mass exchange apparatus according to the Maysotsenko cycle with capillary-porous coating of the wet channel walls is proposed. The static and dynamic characteristics of capillary-porous materials, which allow liquid evaporation to be carried out with a high degree of completeness, have been studied, and the conditions under which the thermodynamic efficiency of the wet-bulb cell is greater than one have been determined. On the work, 1 monograph and 6 articles were published, the novelty of technical solutions was confirmed by 5 patents, and 5 acts of implementation were received

2. Topic 890 (agreement No. 1-102/02)

Target program of fundamental scientific research of NASU, KPKVK 6541230

Computer modeling of aerodynamics and heat exchange during the flow around smoke pipes was carried out, taking into account climatic conditions, the ground infrastructure of the TPP and the surrounding space. The influence of large Reynolds numbers on heat transfer patterns is analyzed. It is shown that the local heat exchange differs from the average value by the height of the pipe, and is characterized by a periodic change in heat transfer due to the conical shape of the pipe and the influence of the ground surface.

3. Topic 1.7.1.896 “DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS AND MEANS OF ENHANCEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN GAS TURBO CONSTRUCTION AND THERMAL ENERGY” Departmental topic, KPKVK 6541030 Experimentally and theoretically studied the heat exchange, flow structure and hydraulic resistance during transverse air flow around a single- and double-row bundle of pipes with helical rectangular grooves on the outer surface. New scientific results were obtained that characterize the physical structure of the flow, average heat exchange, hydraulic resistance and thermohydraulic efficiency. A turbulence model that adequately describes heat exchange and hydrodynamics was determined by comparison with experimental data. The vortex structure of the flow near the surface of the pipes and in the aft area was studied in detail. The models of the aerodynamic flow and hydraulic state of the NSC were improved and applied based on the numerical operational data of the ChNPP, which made it possible to determine the hydraulic parameters of the model (values of leaks between parts of the NSC and the environment) and to conduct an analysis of the dynamics of change for the first time flow of unorganized air with radioactive aerosols (RA) into the environment at different wind directions and speeds. The developed models showed the possibility of optimal control of ventilation units (VU) of the NBK, which allows to significantly reduce the leakage of unorganized air from the RA from the NBK to the surrounding environment, as well as to increase the energy efficiency of the ventilation system. The results of the work are presented at the 5th International Conference “Problems of Decommissioning of Nuclear Energy Facilities and Environmental Restoration”, INUDECO 2021, Slavutych, Ukraine. An act of implementation of the results from the Chornobyl NPP was received.

With the help of the developed model of the thermogas-dynamic state of deep underground tunnels, a pre-project analysis of the possibility of reducing the relative humidity of the tunnel air during the summer period in the section from St. Khreschatyk to the departure point with the help of infrared heaters. An act of implementation of the results was received from the Municipal Enterprise “Kyiv Metropoliten”.

4. Topic No. 1.7.1.899 “DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PRINCIPLES OF MODERNIZATION OF CENTRALIZED HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF UKRAINE ACCORDING TO THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE FOURTH GENERATION OF THESE SYSTEMS” Departmental topic, KPKVK 6541030

Together with the Department of Thermal Physics of Energy-Efficient Thermal Technologies.Етапі 2 “Comparative analysis of promising means and technologies of energy storage and smart low-temperature heating systems as components of modernized systems of centralized heat supply (DHS) of Ukraine”.

The analysis of promising means and technologies for the accumulation of electrical energy from sources of low-carbon generation was carried out. Received assessments of the possibilities of adaptation of the mentioned means and technologies of electric energy storage in low-temperature networks of SCT. A similar analysis was carried out regarding promising means and technologies of thermal energy storage. Received evaluations of the possibilities of integration of promising means and technologies of energy storage in the context of integration of energy (thermal and electric) low-temperature networks of the SCT

5. Project P5.3-2021 “INCREASING THE RESOURCE AND RELIABILITY OF DN-80 POWER GAS TURBINES OF THE ZORYA-MASHPROEKT STATE ENTERPRISE WITH A CAPACITY OF 25 MW DUE TO THE MODERNIZATION OF THE COOLING SYSTEM OF THE WORKING BLADES”

Targeted program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Scientific and technical problems of condition monitoring, evaluation and extension of the resource of structures, equipment and structures of long-term operation” (Resource-3), KPKVK 6541030

Stage 1: “Analytical study of new gas turbine blade cooling schemes, main trends in their development and improvement”

The main trends in the development of cooled blades of gas turbines and gas turbines, modern and promising methods of internal and external cooling of blades of high-temperature gas turbines are considered. It is shown that the main direction of the development of cooling systems is the development and improvement of shaped and anti-vortex holes, as well as the supply of coolant into recesses of various shapes. A statistical analysis of publications on the research topic over the past 5 years was performed, some results of modern research in the field of additive technologies were considered. It is shown that highly efficient cooling systems can be created only on the basis of new technologies, such as laser welding, additive technologies, etc.

6. Project P5.11-2021 “INCREASING THE RELIABILITY AND PROLONGING THE SERVICE LIFE OF TUBULAR HEAT EXCHANGERS OF THERMAL POWER SYSTEMS DUE TO THE USE OF PROFILED SURFACES WITH A SELF-CLEANING EFFECT”

Target program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Scientific and technical problems of condition monitoring, evaluation and extension of the resource of long-term structures, equipment and facilities” (Resource-3), KPKVK 6541030

Stage 1: “Development of an experimental model of a water shell-and-tube heat exchanger based on thin-walled corrugated pipes of different geometries. Test trials. Development and verification of a computer model of hydrodynamics and heat exchange during the internal flow of water in a corrugated pipe”

A computer model of hydrodynamics and heat exchange during the internal flow of water in a corrugated pipe was developed and verified. Flow and heat exchange calculations were performed in the range of Reynolds numbers 3000…18000, which revealed vortex recirculation structures that almost completely fill the depressions; in the center of the depression, the intensity of heat exchange is insignificant, and the maximum is located on the ridges of the corrugations. For the selected type of pipe with deep corrugations, the intensification of the average heat exchange is not high, and is at the level of 1.5…1.7. At Reynolds numbers less than 6000, heat transfer growth outpaces hydraulic resistance growth, the Reynolds analogy factor is greater than unity.

7. Project N.E.4.4-2020 “IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLINESS OF THE TPP 312 BOILER BY APPLYING REBURNING TECHNOLOGY WHEN USING TRADITIONAL AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES”

Target program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Intellectual ecologically safe energy with traditional and renewable energy sources” (“New energy”) KPKVK 6541030

Stage 3. “Effectiveness of reduction of nitrogen oxides and increase of maneuverability of the unit with the joint operation of the reburning system and the supply of pyrolysis gases to the main burners at reduced loads of the TPP 312 boiler.” With the help of computer modeling, an assessment of the possibility of replacing a part of fossil fuel (coal dust) in TPP-312 power boilers with biomass pyrolysis products was carried out. It is shown that the aerodynamic control of fuel combustion in the middle part of the boiler furnace using the Reburning technology allows reducing nitrogen oxide emissions by up to 50% at maximum boiler loads. It is shown that this replacement does not worsen the energy and environmental characteristics of boilers, and under certain conditions there is even a possibility to expand the lower limit of boiler operation to a load of 170 MWte. An act of implementation was received from Ladyzhenskaya TPP

8. Project K-3-22-10 “IMPROVEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MODELS OF ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING OF THE SPREAD OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE NEW SAFE CONFINEMENT”

Targeted comprehensive program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Nuclear and radiation technologies for the energy sector and public needs” KPKVK 6541030

An improved model of the thermo-gasodynamic and radiation state of the New Safe Confinement (NSC) and the Shelter Facility (US) to assess the leakage of unorganized air flows outside the NSC due to leaks in the NSC itself and building structures under its walls into the environment along with organized flows through exhaust ventilation units of the main volume of the NBK depending on the direction and speed of the wind. Improved and applied models of the aerodynamic flow and hydraulic state of the NSC based on the numerical operational data of the ChNPP, which made it possible to determine the hydraulic parameters of the model (values of leaks between parts of the NSC and the environment) and for the first time to analyze the dynamics of changes in the flow of unorganized air with radioactive aerosols (RA) into the environment at different wind directions and speeds. The obtained monthly air consumption in the integral size of 2.4 million m3 made it possible to estimate the amount of RA emission from the NBK into the environment for the scenario of dismantling unstable structures of the OU at the level of 500 MBq (at the average monthly volumetric activity of β-emitting nuclides of 210 Bq/m3). The developed models showed the possibility of optimal control of ventilation units (VU) of the NBK, which allows to significantly reduce the leakage of unorganized air from the RA from the NBK to the surrounding environment, as well as to increase the energy efficiency of the ventilation system. The results of the work were presented at the International Conferences “Problems of decommissioning of nuclear energy facilities and environmental restoration”, INUDECO, Slavutych, Ukraine in 2019, 20 and 21.

9 Project No. 02-04-20 “PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF BURNING GRANULAR BIOMASS WITH A COMBINATION OF A GRANULAR LAYER AND VORTEX AFTERBURNING”

Program-target and competition topics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine within the framework of a joint competition with the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, KPKVK 6541230

Calculations of hydrodynamics, heat exchange, chemical kinetics and concentration of harmful substances during the vortex of solid biomass gasification products in a fluidized bed furnace were performed. Velocity, temperature, and concentration fields in the volume of the furnace were obtained. The results of computer modeling showed that with an increase in the temperature of the secondary air due to the more intensive action of centrifugal mass forces, the maximum of the kinetic energy of turbulence shifts to the periphery, increases in absolute value, which leads to more effective mixing of the central and peripheral flows, and as a result – to higher quality combustion. At the exit from the furnace, the temperature of the flow depends slightly on the temperature of the secondary air, since the heat transfer to the walls increases when the temperature rises in the initial section of the secondary chamber. It was found that when the secondary air is heated to 270°, the concentration of carbon monoxide at the outlet of the installation decreases by more than 1.5 times. Research level: meets international high-level standards

10. Project No. 14-VYARB/830 “DETERMINING THE AERODYNAMIC DISTRIBUTION OF PRESSURES ON THE SURFACE OF THE NBK AND ON THE SECTION OF THE CASING OF THE DSRV VENT SHAFT”

Contract work between the Institute of Technical Thermal Physics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Institute of Safety Problems of Nuclear Power Plants of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine for the Chornobyl NPP.

Aerodynamic distributions of pressures on the surface of the NBK and on the section of the cladding of the DSRV wind shaft at variable wind directions and velocities have been determined. An act of implementation of the results from the Chornobyl NPP was received.

11. Project No. 15-VYARB/830 “SIMULATION OF THE LEAKAGE OF AIR FLOWS WITH RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS OUTSIDE THE NBK IN THE AREA OF THE CLADDING OF THE DSRV VENTILATION SHAFT ACCORDING TO THE SCENARIOS OF CHERNOBYL NPP”

The term of validity of farm contracts is 2021-2022. The simulation of the leakage of air flows with radioactive aerosols outside the NSC on the lining section of the DSRW vent shaft was performed according to the Chernobyl NPP scenarios with variable wind directions and velocities.

12. Project No. 16-VYARB/830 “DEVELOPMENT OF A MODEL OF LEAKAGE OF AIR FLOWS WITH RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS OUTSIDE THE NBK IN THE SECTION OF THE LINING OF THE DSRV VENT SHAFT”

The term of validity of farm contracts is 2021-2022.

A model of wind flow leakage with radioactive aerosols outside the NSC on the lining section of the DSRV wind shaft was developed.

13. International project No. 310436 of 2013-2021, (under the 7th framework program of the European Commission) “Production of Coatings for New Efficient and Clean Coal Power Plant Materials” (Production of Coatings for New Efficient and Clean Coal Power Plant Materials ) the international agreement within the framework of the “Framework Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Commission of the European Communities” for Ukraine is valid from 06.01.2009; the executor is a laboratory for modeling heat and mass transfer processes

Methods of optimal design and calculation of the service life of diffusion protective coatings have been developed to increase the reliability and service life of high-temperature equipment of promising thermal power plants with supercritical steam parameters based on the analysis of heat and mass transfer processes in coating-base alloy systems.

14. Agreement No. 21/11/19 dated January 21, 2019 on cooperation between the Institute of Technical Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Specialized Enterprise “Chernobyl NPP” in terms of scientific and technical support at the stages of commissioning and operation of the NBK-OU complex. The term of the contract is 2019-2023.

In 2021, the work “Choosing ways to reduce the leakage of unorganized air flows due to leaks outside the NBK” was completed. An act of implementation of results from the Chornobyl NPP was received.

15. Agreement No. 08-04 of April 8, 2021 on cooperation between the Institute of Technical Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the Municipal Enterprise “Kyivskyi Metropoliten” in the part of monitoring the results of the work performed between the ITTF of the National Academy of Sciences of the National Academy of Sciences and the KP “Kyivskyi metropoliten” contracts and providing advice.

In 2021, work was carried out regarding the feasibility of “Installation on the site of SZH-1 from Art. Khreshchatyk to the intersection within the pickets PK006-PK006,5 of infrared heaters”. The act of implementation of the results was received from KP “Kyiv Metropoliten”.

2020

1. Topic 1.7.1.880 “DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF A SUPERDEFECTIVE HEAT PUMP BASED ON RANKIN AND MISSOCENKA CYCLES FOR HEAT SUPPLY AND AIR CONDITIONING OF BUILDINGS” Targeted scientific program of the branch of the National Academy of Sciences, KPKVK 6541030

An analysis of the initial data was carried out to create a mathematical model of a combined heat pump based on the Mysotsenko-Rankin combined cycle in cold and warm seasons. A calculation algorithm was developed and a mathematical model of the Maysotsenko apparatus was built. A computer program for calculating the combined heat pump was developed and tested.

2. Topic 890 (agreement No. 1-102/02) “DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS AND MEANS OF INCREASING THE OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY AND ENVIRONMENTAL EFFICIENCY OF SMOKE PIPES OF THERMAL POWER PLANTS” Target program of fundamental scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences, KPKVK 6541230

Physically based boundary conditions on the outer surface of smoke pipes of thermal power plants were developed by means of computer modeling of aerodynamics and heat exchange taking into account climatic conditions and ground infrastructure. For modern high-rise chimneys of thermal power plants and technological furnaces, the influence of their manufacturing features and large Reynolds numbers on heat and mass transfer processes, which distinguish them from laboratory models, was analyzed. The effectiveness of the application of various methods of influencing the characteristics of smoke pipes has been investigated. Computer modeling of the external flow around the smoke pipes was performed. Recommendations for the calculation of aerodynamics and heat exchange of conical smoke pipes have been developed. Research level: meets international high-level standards

3. Topic 1.7.1.896 “DEVELOPMENT OF METHODS AND MEANS OF ENHANCEMENT OF ENVIRONMENTAL ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN GAS TURBO CONSTRUCTION AND THERMAL ENERGY” Departmental topic, KPKVK 6541030

A pilot biomass micro-cogeneration plant with a Stirling engine with a vortex two-stage combustion chamber and a recuperator with vortex heat exchange intensifiers was developed and tested. Tests of the specified installation showed the efficiency of the used technologies – the combustion chamber ensures high completeness of biomass burning (wood pellets), and the recuperator ensures heat exchange efficiency at the level of 85%. This allows you to increase the temperature in the combustion chamber by 150° and intensify the heat exchange on the hot heat exchanger of the Stirling engine. As a result, it was possible to achieve a fuel utilization rate of 90%.

A model for the analysis and forecasting of unorganized air emissions from the New Safe Confinement (NSC) of the Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant into the environment through leaky places with arbitrary wind direction and speed was developed and applied, which allowed, according to data from measurements of the hydraulic state of the NSC in the period January-February 2020. determine the dynamics of changes in such emissions. The obtained air flows in the integral size of 2.4 million m3 made it possible to estimate the amount of release of radioactive aerosols from the NBK into the surrounding environment for the scenario of dismantling unstable structures of the Shelter Facility at the level of 500 MBq (at the average monthly volumetric activity of β-emitting nuclides of 210 Bq/ m3).

4. Topic No. 1.7.1.899 “DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL PRINCIPLES OF MODERNIZATION OF THE CENTRALIZED HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS OF UKRAINE ACCORDING TO THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE FOURTH GENERATION OF THESE SYSTEMS”. Departmental subject, KPKVK 6541030

Together with the department of thermal physics of energy-efficient thermal technologies.

Stage 1: “Analysis of the main trends in the development of centralized heat supply systems of Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the energy packages of Ukraine and the EU and assessment of the levels of energy functionality of multi-apartment buildings as the basis of modernized systems of centralized heat supply of Ukraine” The analysis of the peculiarities of the centralized heat supply systems (DHS) of Ukraine in the context of the integration of energy (heat and electric) networks was carried out. Prospects for the use of the fourth-generation SCT as a critical technology for the development of the low-carbon economy of Ukraine are studied. An analysis of the main directions of the development of the SCT of Ukraine in accordance with the requirements of the energy packages of Ukraine and the EU was carried out.

5. Project P5.9-2020 “EXTENDING THE RESOURCE OF THE CONVECTIVE HEATING SURFACES OF THE TPP 312 BOILER BY REDUCING ABRASIVE EROSION”

Target program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Reliability and durability of materials, structures, equipment and buildings” (Resource-2), KPKVK6541030

Stage 5: “Development of practical recommendations for extending the life of the swirler of the TPP 312 boiler burner”

Calculations of the rate of corrosion of the steel blades of the swirler of the pulverized coal burner of the TPP-312 boiler in the real conditions of its operation were carried out, and recommendations for extending the service life were developed. Steel 3 and steel 20 were used as material. Calculations were made of the increase in the weight of the blade material per unit surface and the decrease in the thickness of the main material. Data were obtained on the dynamics of blade surface oxidation for different operating modes of the burners, as well as different values of the distance between the blades and the furnace embrasure. The temperature state of the blades in the presence of a heat-resistant coating is calculated. Calculations showed that, in addition to the material of the blade, the number of blades and the mode of operation of the burner, the distance of the blades from the embrasure has a significant effect – in some cases, it is possible to reduce corrosion by more than 4 times.

6. Project N.E.4.4-2020 “IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENTAL FRIENDLINESS OF THE TPP 312 BOILER BY APPLYING REBURNING TECHNOLOGY WHEN USING TRADITIONAL AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES”

Stage 2. “Development of the concept of the technology for the recovery of nitrogen oxides Reburning when using biomass pyrolysis products as fuel for the TPP 312 coal-fired boiler.”

The peculiarities of the use of biomass pyrolysis products as reburning fuel in the Reburning technology to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions from the TPP 312 pulverized coal boiler were considered. A detailed computer model of a standard boiler and a boiler with a three-stage combustion system was developed and built. A study of the operation of the three-stage coal combustion system, which is installed on Unit No. 4 of DTEK Ladyzhynska Thermal Power Plant, was carried out at the design parameters of operation for a boiler load of 280 MWte. The concept of the technology for the recovery of nitrogen oxides Reburning has been developed when biomass pyrolysis products are used as fuel for the TPP 312 coal-fired boiler, according to which the reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions is expected to be up to 25%.

The potential of solid waste for the recovery of nitrogen oxides when used as an afterburner fuel in the three-stage coal combustion system of the TPP 312 boiler was evaluated. When using solid waste as an afterburner fuel in the amount of 12% of the total heat balance of the TPP 312 boiler when it is loaded at 280 MWte, a decrease is expected of nitrogen oxides at the level of 22.8% under satisfactory operating conditions of the boiler.

7. Project TD.15/1.7.1.885 “CREATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVICES FOR EXPRESS CONTROL OF THE EMISSION COEFFICIENT OF SURFACES OF MATERIALS AND COATINGS USING HIGHLY SENSITIVE SENSORS OF INFRARED RADIATION”

Targeted program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Semiconductor materials, technologies and sensors for technical systems of diagnostics, control and management”, KPKVK 6541030, together with the Department of Thermometry, Diagnostics and Optimization in Energy. Stage 3

A computer simulation of the model of the measuring part of the device was carried out to determine the radiation characteristics of the surface consisting of two measuring cells, namely one with a “dark” sensor and the other with a “light” sensor. The main characteristics of the measuring part of the device for different values of the degree of blackness of the sample are determined. A study of the exit to the stationary mode of the measuring part of the device was carried out. The results are provided for use in instrument prototyping and instrument software development.

8. Project K-3-22-10 “IMPROVEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF MODELS OF ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING OF THE SPREAD OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE NEW SAFE CONFINEMENT”

Targeted comprehensive program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Nuclear and radiation technologies for the energy sector and public needs”

Stage 2: “Improvement and adjustment of models of aerodynamic flow and hydraulic state of the NBK according to the current data of the Chernobyl NPP for the analysis and forecasting of the spread of radioactive aerosols inside and outside the NBK.” Code 6541030

Advanced computer models of the aerodynamic flow and hydraulic state of the NSC, configured according to the current data of the Chornobyl NPP for analysis and forecasting of the spread of radioactive aerosols inside and outside the NSC. The developed models made it possible to calculate unorganized leaks (quantitative flow) of air with radioactive aerosols outside the NBK into the surrounding environment under different directions and wind speeds, which makes it possible to optimize work inside the NBK with the least radiation impact on the environment. The results of the work were implemented in the Chornobyl NPP during work at the NBK.

9. Project No. 02-04-20 “PHYSICO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF BURNING GRANULAR BIOMASS WITH A COMBINATION OF A GRANULAR LAYER AND VORTEX AFTERBURNING”

Program-target and competition topics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine within the framework of a joint competition with the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, KPKVK 6541230

An overview of modern technologies for burning low-grade fuels was carried out. A study of the combustion of low-grade fuels, such as pellets from husks, wood waste, straw, and the development of a method for burning them with the limitation of harmful emissions in cyclonic-layer combustion chambers was carried out. The process of two-stage combustion of low-grade fuels was studied. A computer model of a furnace with a combination of granulated biomass burning in a layer and vortex afterburning was developed. The advantages of layer furnaces with vortex afterburning are shown.

10. Contract No. 1/1/01 dated February 11, 2019 for the performance of research works on “DEVELOPMENT AND EXPERIMENTAL RESEARCH OF THE INSTALLATION FOR DETERMINING THE MASS TRANSFER CHARACTERISTICS OF THE HYDROPHILIC MATERIAL IN THE DYNAMIC ADIABATIC SYSTEM AND THE INDIRECT EVAPORATIVE HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER APPARATUS”

“Zhejiang Golden Egg Science and Technology Co.,Ltd”, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China.

Experimental studies of the installation of the indirect evaporative type heat and mass exchange apparatus under different regimes and flow directions have been carried out. The results of the conducted additional experimental study of the indirect evaporative type heat and mass exchange apparatus under different regimes and flow directions are analyzed.

11. International project No. 310436 for the period of 2013-2021, (under the 7th framework program of the European Commission) “Production of Coatings for New Efficient and Clean Coal Power Plant Materials” ) the international agreement within the framework of the “Framework Agreement between the Government of Ukraine and the Commission of the European Communities” for Ukraine is valid from 06.01.2009; executor – department of “modeling of heat and mass transfer processes” of the Institute of Technical Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine;

2011:

Theme 1.7.1.817 “THERMAL GAS-DYNAMICS OF VORTEX AND SWIRLED FLOWS AND ITS APPLICATION TO THE COOLING SYSTEM AND HEAT REGENERATOR OF INDUSTRIAL GAS TURBINE INSTALLATIONS”

A series of experimental studies and mathematical simulation of promising schemes of external and internal cooling of gas turbine blades as well as new heat transfer surfaces was completed. The efficiency of oscillating film cooling was experimentally studied using a series of inclined holes located in spherical dimples, a comparative analysis with the traditional configuration of holes without dimples was carried out. It was shown that the use of this cooling method allows to increase the efficiency indicator by 2 times. An experimental study and computer simulation of the fluid dynamics and structure of the air flow in two-row systems of recesses of various shapes in accordance with the development of new heat transfer surfaces with reduced hydraulic resistance was carried out. Experimental studies of heat transfer during transverse flow around a tube bundle, the surfaces of which were formed by dimples of various types were carried out. Heat transfer enhancement was achieved up to 80% with an increase in resistance up to 15%, that is, there is a significant improvement in thermo-hydraulic characteristics.

Corr. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Kovalenko A.S., Kovalenko G.V.

Theme 1.7.1.818 “THERMOPHYSICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY OF THE USE OF ELECTRIC HEATING IN ORDER TO INCREASE THE ENERGY EFFICIENCY OF HOUSING HEATING”

As a result of the work, the thermophysical study was carried out and the technical and economic feasibility of accumulative electric heating was established. It was shown that the potential for the introduction of accumulative electric heat supply within the framework of the UES of Ukraine is about 7 GW as technically feasible and 1.3 GW as economically feasible. The marginal volumes of the natural gas replacement in the utilities sector of Ukraine are estimated at 0.7 billion m³ (economically determined the value) and 3.32 billion m³(technically achievable one). These values exceed the combined potential of such types of untraditional renewable energy sources as geothermal, solar, wind energy taken together. Reducing emissions of harmful substances and greenhouse gases are estimated (taking into account the share of non-coal generation) of 0.64 and 3.18 million tons of CO_2. An engineering methodology for calculating the heat storage capacity of rooms with electric heat storage heating was developed. The sections “Use of electricity for heat supply” in regional programs of the modernization of municipal energy (Zaporozhskaya, Dnipropetrovskaya and Cherkaskaya regions) were developed. The results of the work served as the scientific basis for the modernization of the heat supply systems of the Lybidskaya station of the Kiev metro.

Theme 1.7.1.715 “APPLICATION OF SIMULATION METHODS IN CALCULATIONS AND MODERNIZATION OF GAS BOILERS AND COMBUSTION CHAMBERS IN COMMUNAL AND INDUSTRIAL HEAT POWER ENGINEERING”

Using the modified Phoenics software package, computer simulation of the firing space of the boiler DKVR 4/13 was carried out. It was shown that the supply of water vapor through the opening of a fuel oil burner reduces the formation of nitrogen oxides by 34% and reduces the formation of soot in the zone of active combustion. When a similar amount of water vapor is introduced while humidifying the purged air, a reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions by 10% is expected. The presence of hydrogen sulfide impurities in natural gas leads to a decrease in the maximum and initial temperatures, which is associated with a decrease in the calorific value of the fuel. A mathematical and computer model of the furnace of the boiler TPP which allows one to obtain the adequate information about the processes of heat transfer and combustion of the pulverized coal mixture in the furnace and the integrated emission characteristics of nitrogen oxides was developed. The mathematical model of radiation heat transfer was improved, taking into account the formation of soot and the effect of its concentration on radiation heat transfer.

Corr. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Contract No. 803 Р5.8-2011 dated 03/01/2011 (project 5.8) “REDUCING THE EROSION OF A FUEL SCREEN BY MANAGING THE STRUCTURE OF THE FLOW IN THE VOLUME OF THE BOILER TPP-312 FURNACE ”PROBLEMS OF RESOURCE AND SAFETY OF OPERATION OF CONSTRUCTIONS, STRUCTURES AND ENGINES

Stage 2 “Development of a method for controlling aerodynamics in the furnace chamber of the boiler TPP-312 . Testing and implementation of the method at Ladyzhinskaya HPP “

As part of the second phase of the project, a study of the effect of redistribution of fuel consumption between burners of the first tier on the erosion of pipes of the lower radiation par was conducted. The fields of velocities, temperatures and concentrations in the furnace chamber of the boiler TPP-312 were obtained for the main load modes of the turbine 280 and 180 MW. Based on the results of computer simulation, a method for controlling the aerodynamics in the furnace chamber of the boiler TPP-312 of the Ladyzhinskaya HPP is proposed, in which, to reduce the erosion of the pipes of the lower radiation part, redistribution of the consumption of pulverized coal fuel along the first-tier burners, namely, an increase in fuel consumption by 10% in extreme burners and a corresponding reduction in fuel consumption in the central burnesr at a constant air flow was proposed. An act of testing and implementation was obtained on the method of controlling aerodynamics in the volume of the TPP-312 boiler, and an application for a patent of Ukraine “A method for controlling the combustion process of a coal-dust boiler” was filed.

Corr. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Contract number K-5-14 from 01.07.2011, “Thermodynamic and thermophysical -substantiation project of turbine of high temperature gas cooling reactor of fourth generation with thermal power generation 250 MW” of program “Scientific and technological accompaniment for development of nuclear power and use of radiation technologies in the branches of economy”

Stage 1 “Analysis of the thermodynamic cycle with the generation of electric and thermal energy in a gas turbine cycle with a helium turbine. Calculations of the optimal parameters of the cycle, heat transfer equipment and efficiency of electricity production.”

As part of the first stage, a mathematical model of the cycle of a helium gas turbine unit with heat recovery and intermediate cooling of the working fluid in the compressor of the energy conversion unit (ECU) of the fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooling reactor was developed. A study the influence of the efficiency of GTU elements and the level of hydraulic losses in them on its thermal and electrical efficiency was made. Two ECU operating modes : an electric power generation mode and a combined mode with heat and electric energy generation were considered. Thermal and hydraulic calculations were performed, as well as an assessment of the mass and size characteristics of a compact plate-type regenerator.

Corr. NAS of Ukraine Halatov A.A., Severin S.D.

Contract No. F40 / 24-2011 dated 05/12/2011 (Project F 40.7 / 003) “Heat transfer enhancement by vortex-forming elements in homogeneous and heterogeneous flows, including nanofluids”. Between the State Agency for Science, Innovation and Informatization of Ukraine and the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, within the framework of the “Agreement on Cooperation between the State Fund of Fundamental Research and the Russian Fund for Fundamental Research”

Scientific adviser: Khalatov Artem Artemovich

The structure of the vortex flow in a single dimple of a spherical and cylindrical shape was numerically simulated. Hydraulic resistance was experimentally studied in systems with two and three rows of spherical, cylindrical and prismatic recesses. The interaction of vortices was studied.

Contract No. Ф41 / 101-2011 (project No. Ф41.2 / 010) dated May 12, 2011 “Heat exchange and combustion of liquid heavy hydrocarbons in a swirling flow”, State Agency for Science, Innovation and Informatization of Ukraine, under the cooperation agreement between the State Foundation for Fundamental Research and the Belarusian Republican Foundation of Fundamental Research “,” The list of winning projects of the fourth joint competition of the State Foundation for Basic Research and the Belarusian Republican Foundation of Fundamental research, “the statement of 23.04.2011, and the order of the State Committee of Ukraine for Science, Innovation and Informatization of March 31, 2011 № 28.

Scientific adviser: Khalatov Artem Artemovich

An analysis of the methods of processing, combustion, utilizing, using mixtures of heavy hydrocarbons, and examining the designs of heat generators designed to burn liquid heavy hydrocarbons was performed. Based on the analysis, a heat generator circuit using wick systems for combustion of liquid heavy hydrocarbons in a swirling flow was determined. An improved installation for burning steam of waste engine oil in a swirling stream of recirculated ai was designed and manufactured. The experimental tests and studies of the processes of ignition of the combustion chamber, the study of velocity fields and temperatures above the surface of a porous wick during the combustion of a steam of hydrocarbons above it were made. The influence of various design parameters of the combustion chamber was analyzed.

2012:

Theme 1.7.1.853 “RESEARCH OF SURFACE-VORTEX SYSTEMS FOR HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF COOLING EFFICIENCY IN PERSPECTIVE GTE”

A series of experimental studies of the efficiency of jet-oscillating film cooling of a flat surface using a two-row system of inclined holes located in spherical dimples was carried out, a comparison with the traditional configuration of holes without dimplles was made. It was shown that the use of this cooling method permits significantly to increase the efficiency indicator (in the initial section by 2 times). The ANSYS software package for calculating film cooling was adapted, and test calculations were performed. The experimental setup for studying the internal and external heat transfer of a pipe with protrusions on the inner surface and depressions on the outer one was modernized. Experimental and calculated studies of the thermohydraulic characteristics of the air flow in a pipe with smooth cross-shaped inserts were carried out, a new concept for the first time – the quality factor of the heat transfer intensifier was introduced.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Kovalenko A.S., Kovalenko G.V., Donik T.V.

Theme 1.7.1.857. “DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRIC HEAT STORAGE TECHNOLOGY OF HEAT SUPPLY AT OBJECTS OF SOCIAL AND BUDGET SPHERE”

The analysis of the regional distribution of the electric power resource of Ukraine for the choice of a pilot zone for the introduction of energy-efficient electric heat storage (hereinafter referred to as EHS) technologies is carried out. According to a set of indicators for the introduction of EHS technologies, a pilot zone on the basis of the Khmelnitsky region, in particular, the objects of the Derazhnyansky and Suslovsky districts was selected The quantitative assessment of the electric power resource, which involves the introduction of EHS technologies in the pilot zone was obtained. Its technically achievable average value reaches 179 MW, economically feasible – 37 MW, which is equivalent to the replacement volume of the natural gas, respectively, 80.6 and 17 million m³/ year of the natural gas. The heat and technological and macroeconomic analysis of the existing heat supply systems in the pilot zone was carried out. As a result of the analysis, 17 objects of the social-budget sphere (including 9 educational institutions, 3 libraries, 4 houses of culture and 1 hospital), on which energy-efficient ETA heat supply technologies will be introduced were identified. The development of the section “Using Electricity for Heat Supply” in regional programs for the modernization of municipal energy in the Cherkasy and Vinnitsa regions was completed. The State Building Norms of Ukraine “Electric cable heating system were prepared and published, the technical modernization of the heat supply systems of the Kiev Metro was continued.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Timchenko N.P.

Contract P5.8-2012 dated 01.03.2012 (project 5.8) “REDUCING THE EROSION OF A FURNACE SCREEN BY MANAGING THE FLOW STRUCTURE IN THE VOLUME OF BOILER TPP 312 FURNACE” PROGRAM “PROBLEMS OF RESOURCE AND SAFETY OF OPERATION OF CONSTRUCTIONS, STRUCTURES AND ENGINES (“RESOURCE”)

Stage 3 “On the basis of the developed method to develop a mode map of the boiler TPP 312.”

Practical recommendations for the unit operator in the form of a map of unit operating modes which implements the developed method for controlling aerodynamics in the volume of the boiler furnace to reduce erosion of furnace screens depending on the load mode of the boiler unit were developed While maintaining the loading level of blocks of the Chelyabinsk station at the current level during the remaining life of the blocks, the use of the control method will extend the resource of the lower radiation part of the block for 1 year. In the case of continued operation of the units, the economic effect of introducing the developed management method will be at least 500 thousand UAH. for 1 block in 2012 prices. Patent of Ukraine UA67268U, IPC F23C 1/12 (2006.01) / Method for controlling the combustion process of a coal-fired boiler / A.A. was obtained for the developed control method.A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar, I.V. Novokhatskaya / Bull. No. 3 – 2012. On the basis of the project results, an act of implementation of the project results from DTEK Ladyzhinskaya HPP was received

Acad. of NASU A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar

Contract No. K-5-14 of 07/01/2011 “THERMODYNAMIC AND THERMOPHYSICAL SUBSTANTIATION OF THE HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS COOLING REACTOR TURBINE OF FOURTH GENERATION WITH THERMAL POWER GENERATION OF 250 MW” of the program “The scientific and technological accompaniment of nuclear power development and use of radiation technologies in branches of industry”

Stage 2 “Analysis of the thermodynamic cycle of hydrogen production by high-temperature steam electrolysis. Calculations of heat transfer equipment, parameters and cycle efficiency. Analysis of the infrastructure of Ukrainian gas turbine construction for the development and manufacture of a helium turbine “

As part of the second phase of the project, a mathematical model of the cycle of a helium gas turbine unit with heat recovery and intermediate cooling of the working fluid in the compressor of the energy conversion unit (ECU) of the fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooling reactor for hydrogen production was developed. The analysis of the thermodynamic cycle of hydrogen production by the method of high-temperature electrolysis of steam was made. A mathematical model of a compact plate heat exchanger has been developed. The parameters and efficiency of the cycle for the combined production of electricity and high-temperature steam for the production of hydrogen by high-temperature steam electrolysis were calculated. The type and design of the heat exchange equipment of the HTGR (High Temperature Gas Reactor) energy conversion unit was selected.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Severin S.D.

Contract No. F40 / 19-2012 of 06/05/2012 (Project No. F40.7 / 003) “IHeat transfer enhancement by vortex-forming elements in homogeneous and heterogeneous flows, including nanofluids” between the State Agency for Science, Innovation and Informatization of Ukraine and the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS of Ukraine in the framework of the “Agreement on Cooperation between the State Fund of r Fundamental Research and the Russian Fund of Fundamental Research”

The thermohydraulic efficiency of surface-vortex systems was investigated. The conditions for outstripping heat transfer growth were determined. Engineering calculation methods were proposed. The proposed heat transfer enhancement systems due to the original designs (protected by a patent), are characterized by insignificant hydraulic resistance, which makes their application in regenerators of gas turbine plants and in other devices promising.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kovalenko G.V., Shihabutinova O.V.

Contract No. _41.2 / 010 dated 06/05/2012 (Project No. F41.2 / 010) “Heat transfer and combustion of liquid heavy hydrocarbons in a swirling flow” between the State Agency for Science, Innovation and Informatization of Ukraine and the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of NAS Of Ukraine in the framework of the “Agreement on cooperation between the State Fund for Fundamental Research and the Belarusian Republican Fund for Fundamental Research”

The concentrations of carbon monoxide and nitrogen oxides at the exit from the combustion chamber of used engine oil were studied. Recommendations on the design of heavy hydrocarbon combustion chambers were developed; these chambers are characterized by high environmental characteristics. A patent of Ukraine for utility model No. 7358 was obtained. The research results were published in the materials of the 14th Minsk International Forum on Heat and Mass Transfer.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine, professor Khalatov A.A., Shihabutinova O.V., Kovalenko G.V.

2013:

Theme 1.7.1.858 “RESEARCH OF THE AIR CYCLE OF HEAT DISPOSAL OUTSIDE DRIVE GAS-TURBINE INSTALLATIONS OF GTS OF UKRAINE” WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROGRAM OF THE NANU DEPARTMENT

A mathematical model and a computer program for calculating the thermodynamic cycle of a promising air heat recovery gas turbine unit with a rated electric power of 1 MW, as well as an algorithm for the thermal-hydraulic calculation of a shell-and-tube recuperator, which is part of the developed GTU model, were developed. Using the developed mathematical model, the analysis of ideal and real thermodynamic cycles based on the use of a serial compressor of GTU IP-59 was performed, the optimal parameters of the working process were selected and the overall dimensions of the recuperator were evaluated. An experimental unit for studying fluid dynamics and heat transfer during external flow around a tube bundle and internal flow in tubes with vortex-type heat transfer intensifiers were developed and created. Test experiments to evaluate the effect of vortex-type heat transfer intensifiers on the inner and outer surfaces of pipes and on the thermo-hydraulic efficiency of the convective heat transfer process were performed.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Severin S.D., Kovalenko A.S.

Theme 1.7.1.853 “RESEARCH OF SURFACE-VORTEX SYSTEMS FOR HEAT TRANSFER ENHANCEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF COOLING EFFICIENCY IN PERSPECTIVE GTE”

A series of experimental studies of the effeciency of the film cooling crater was carried out, a comparison with the traditional configuration of holes without craters. It was shown that the use of this cooling method can significantly increase the efficiency indicator by 1.5 – 2 times was made. Using the ANSYS software package, numerical calculations of jet-oscillating and crater film cooling were performed. An experimental study of heat transfer of the air flow in a pipe with protrusions was made. Compared with traditional methods, the studied methods of heat transfer enhancement are characterized by moderate energy consumption — the Reynolds analogy factor exceeds 1. An experimental study of the thermohydraulic characteristics of the air flow in a pipe with cross-shaped inserts with vortex intensifiers was made It was shown that the data on the Reynolds analogy parameter are in good agreement with the data on vortex flows in the channels.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Kovalenko A.S., Kovalenko G.V., Donik T.V.

Theme 1.7.1.857. “DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRIC HEAT STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES OF HEAT SUPPLY AT OBJECTS OF SOCIAL AND BUDGET SPHERE ”

In accordance with the work plan for 2013, a feasibility study for various schemes of electric heatl storage technology based on block heat generators, heat accumulators of various types and end users was carried out. Combined circuits are also considered, including the circuits considered above with heat storage in building envelopes. These technologies were developed on the basis of the State Standard of Ukraine DSTU-N B V.2.5 – XX: 20XX “Electric heating systems for residential and public buildings. Device and use. Manual.” This regulatory document was created with the participation of ITTF of NASU and is currently under approval. The obtained results were used in the development of regional programs for the technical modernization of heat supply systems in the Vinnitsa region and the Autonomous Republic of Crimea.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Timchenko N.P.

Contract No. Р5.1.2 – 2013 dated March 25, 2013 “Extending the life of the furnace screens of the TPP-312 boiler by reducing high-temperature gas corrosion by controlling the flow structure in the furnace volume during coal combustion” as part of the target complex research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Problems of resource and safety of operation of structures, costructions and machines”(” RESOURCE “)

Stage 1 – to develop a modified model of coal combustion, which takes into account the formation of hydrogen sulfide from coal sulfur.

A mechanism for the chemical kinetics of the formation of hydrogen sulfide from coal sulfur during its flaring was developed; On the basis of global reactions, a mechanism for the formation of hydrogen during the combustion of pulverized coal fuel was developed; The coal combustion model with the developed mechanism of the chemical kinetics of the formation of hydrogen sulfide from coal sulfur was integrated. A computer model of the furnace chamber of the TPP 312 boiler was built and test calculations for the load mode of the turbine 280 MW were performed. Comparison of test calculations with the results of the inspection of the condition of the low-frequency pipes by the employees of the DTEK Metals Laboratory (Ladyzhinskaya HPP) showed that the developed model of the formation of hydrogen sulfide gives a fairly accurate picture of the location of the zones of increased pipe wear, which causes high-temperature gas corrosion.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Contract No. Ob.5.3.1-2013 “Reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere by introducing the method of stage-by-stage coal combustion in TPP-312 boilers” as part of the target complex scientific research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Scientific, technical, regulatory and informational support for creating a flexible and adaptive united energy system of Ukraine ”(“OB‘JEDINENIE ”)

Stage 1 – development of a computer model of the TPP-312 boiler and improvement of the mathematical model of coal combustion in the boiler furnace.

Initial data on the design of the boiler and the operational characteristics of the power unit depending on the turbine load were collected, a computer model of the boiler furnace was built, and a modified model of coal combustion was developed, which takes into account the combustion characteristics of coal burned at the station was developed. A full-parameter computer simulation of the operation of the boiler furnace both before and after the implementation of the staged combustion system at the design values of the operating parameters was carried out. Detailed fields of speeds, temperatures and concentrations in the furnace chamber of the TPP-312 boiler are obtained.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Contract No. K5-47 / 2013 dated April 1, 2013 “Optimization of the thermohydraulic characteristics of heat transfer and steam generating equipment for a fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooling nuclear power plant with a thermal capacity of 250 MW”

Stage 1 “Development of a mathematical and computer model of a helium-water heat exchanger for the energy conversion unit GT(Gas-Turbine) -MHR(Modular Heat Reactor) with a thermal power of the rector of 250 MW”.

A mathematical and computer model of a helium-water compact (previous and intermediate) heat exchanger has been developed for the energy conversion unit GT-(Gas Turbine) MHR (Modular Heat Reactor) , for a reactor with a thermal capacity of 250 MW.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Severin S.D.

Contract No. Ф54 / 155-2013 (project No. Ф54.2 / 001) dated June 04, 2013 “Aerodynamic and thermal fundamentals of the development of low-grade formation and cyclone-layer boilers for combustion of low-grade local fuels”, State Agency for Science, Innovation and informatization of Ukraine, within the framework of the “Agreement on cooperation between the State Fund for Fundamental Research and the Belarusian Republican Fund for Fundamental Research” approved on April 25, 2013 by the RFFI (Russian Fund of Fundamental Investigation) Council and by order of the State Committee for Science of Ukraine , innovation and informatization of April 30, 2013 No. 110.

Scientific adviser: Khalatov Artem Artemovich

A review of modern technologies for burning low-grade fuels which showed the efficiency of using the combustion method with the previous thermochemical treatment (two-stage process), which consists in gasifying the fuel with pyrolysis in the primary chamber and afterburning volatiles in the secondary chamber is performed. A modern design for a two-stage two-layer low-power heat generator (40 kW) for combustion of low-grade solid fuels (peat, brown coal, wood waste) and their mixtures with the necessary completeness of combustion and ensuring environmental requirements was created. A comparison of the two-chamber and three-chamber combustion chambers of the heat generator was performed. The study of the effect of air heating at the entrance to the primary and secondary chambers was carried out. The effect of wood additives on environmental performance during the combustion of peat and brown coal was investigated

2014:

A numerical comparative study of methods for increasing the efficiency of an air turbine heat recovery unit (ATHRU) with a nominal power of 1 MW was performed. A mathematical model and a computer program have been developed, a thermohydraulic calculation of a tubular type ATHRU heat exchanger has been performed. The optimal operating parameters and geometric characteristics of the heat exchanger were determined. An analysis of the influence of promising methods of heat transfer enhancement in tube bundles of a heat exchanger on its thermohydraulic characteristics, as well as on the efficiency of the ATHRU in general, using mathematical models developed at the first stage and available experimental data was made. A comparison of the thermal-hydraulic and mass-dimensional characteristics of heat exchangers with various methods of internal and external heat transfer enhancement was presented.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Severin S.D., Kovalenko A.S., Kovalenko G.V ..

Theme 1.7.1.853 “RESEARCH OF SURFACE-VORTEX SYSTEMS FOR ICATION OF HEAT TRANSFER ENHACEMENT AND IMPROVEMENT OF COOLING EFFICIENCY IN PERSPECTIVE GTE”

A series of experimental studies of the effeciency of trench and two-jet film cooling was carried out, a comparison with the traditional configuration of the holes was made. It was shown that the use of this cooling method permits significantly to increase the efficiency indicator by 1.2 – 2 times. Using the ANSYS software package, numerical calculations of trench and two-jet film cooling were performed. Experimental studies of heat transfer during transverse air flow of a single pipe and tube bundles with spherical holes on their surface were carried out. It was shown that in the range of Reynolds numbers from 1000 to 6000, the degree of heat transfer enhancement reaches 1.4, while the hydraulic resistance practically does not increase.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Kovalenko A.V., Bezlyudnaya M.V., Panchenko N.A.

Theme 1.7.1.857. “DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRIC HEAT STORAGE TECHNOLOGIES OF HEAT SUPPLY AT OBJECTS OF SOCIAL AND BUDGET SPHERE”

According to the work plan for 2014, energy monitoring of installed electric heating systems was carried out, the main types of electric heat storage technologies were compared, the optimal technology for the pilot zone was selected. An analysis was also made of the energy efficiency of electric heat supply using new technologies in comparison with other heat supply technologies based on alternative and renewable energy sources. The results were processed and summarized. Reporting documentation has been prepared. According to the results of the study, a pilot zone in the Derazhnyansky district of Khmelnitsky region, in which 60% of schools are currently switched to electric stotage heating (heating cables, electric boilers) was created. According to the results of studies, it was found that, compared to the existing coal and natural gas boiler houses, according to actual data, electric heating systems consume 2 – 2.3 times less than standard fuel. According to the conclusion of the Derazhnyanskaya Regional State Administration, it is also advisable to introduce electric heating in the residential sector. An act from the RSA of the Derazhnyansky district of the Khmelnitsky region. on the implementation of research results in the pilot area was reseived.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Timchenko N.P.

Contract No. P5.1.2 – 2014 “Extending the life of the furnace screens of the TPP-312 boiler by reducing high-temperature gas corrosion by controlling the flow structure in the furnace volume during coal combustion” as part of the target complex program of scientific research of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Problems of the resource and safety of operation of structures, constructions and machines “(” RESOURCE “)

Stage 2 – to develop a modified model of coal combustion, which takes into account the formation of hydrogen sulfide from coal sulfur.

Based on the results of the studies, zones of increased hydrogen sulfide concentration at the surfaces of the low-frequency tubes for the main load conditions of the unit were identified and the reasons for their formation were determined. A study of the influence of local excess air on the location of zones of increased concentration of hydrogen sulfide was made and ways of its reduction at the pipe surfaces of the lower radiation part were determined. The main areas of activities that will be taken into account when developing a new method for controlling the flow structure during coal combustion in the boiler furnace, which will reduce the high-temperature gas corrosion of the furnace screens at the bottom of the lower radiation part at the third stage of the project, were determined.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Contract No. Ob.5.3.1-2014 “REDUCING THE EMISSION OF NITROGEN OXIDES INTO THE ATMOSPHERE BY INTRODUCING THE METHOD OF STAGE-BY-STAGE COAL COMBUSTION IN TPP-312 BOILERS” AS PART OF THE TARGET COMPREHENSIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE “SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL, REGULATORY AND INFORMATIONAL SUPPORT FOR CREATING FLEXIBLE AND ADAPTIVE THE UNITED ENERGY SYSTEM OF UKRAINE ”( OB‘EDINENIE-2 ”)

Stage 2 – Computer simulation of thermogasdynamics of the TPP-312 boiler and determination of the optimal parameters of the step-by-step coal combustion system to ensure the minimum content of nitrogen oxides in the combustion products at the main turbine load conditions.

The efficiency of the step-by-step coal combustion system which is mounted on unit No. 6 of DTEK Ladyzhinsky РPP at design operating modes is determined. The optimal operating parameters of the step-by-step combustion system are determined, which provide a 55 – 60% reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions with satisfactory fuel losses due to underburning and temperature near the surface of the hanging screen systems, which will ensure nitric oxide emission at the level of 250 – 340 mg / m³ which is maximum closer to EU regulations were determined.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Contract No. K5-47 / 2013 DATED APRIL 1, 2013 “OPTIMIZATION OF THE THERMOHYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF HEAT TRANSFER AND STEAM GENERATING EQUIPMENT FOR A FOURTH-GENERATION HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS-COOLING NUCLEAR POWER PLANT WITH A THERMAL CAPACITY OF 250 MW”

The analysis of various options for constructive heat transfer equipment for a fourth-generation gas-cooling nuclear power plant was carried out. The type of compact heat exchanger to further optimize its thermo-hydraulic characteristics was selected. Using the mathematical model developed as part of the first stage, an algorithm for optimizing the thermohydraulic characteristics of a helium-water heat exchanger was proposed, as well as a number of optimization calculations of the previous and intermediate heat exchangers of the GT(Gas Turbine) –MHR (Modular Helium Reactor) energy conversion unit with a thermal capacity of 250 Mw was carried out. Numerical calculations made it possible to determine a conceptual methodology for choosing rational operating and geometric parameters of the heat exchangers of the energy conversion unit for their simple design scheme.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Severin S.D., Donik T.V.

Contract No. 01-08-14 OF 04/17/2014 “EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDIES OF PERSPECTIVE FILM COOLING SCHEMES OF HIGH-TEMPERATURE POWER INSTALLATIONS”

A numerical study of hydrodynamics was performed, as well as a numerical and experimental study of the effectiveness of film cooling of a flat surface with a single and double row system of inclined cylindrical holes located in dimples in the form of spherical segments. As the calculations showed, when the secondary air is fed to the spherical dimples, the pair vortex is almost completely suppressed, which, along with the separation, is one of the key mechanisms of film destruction due to the transportation of masses of the main stream to the surface. The conducted experimental and numerical studies of film cooling of a flat surface using systems of inclined holes in spherical dimples showed significantly higher efficiency and uniformity of surface coating compared to traditional schemes (increase from 30% for small, and 2 … 2.3 times for large blowing parameters). These schemes can be recommended for use in the practice of film cooling of high-temperature power plants.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Bezlyudnaya M.V., Panchenko

2015:

Theme 1.7.1.858 “RESEARCH OF THE AIR CYCLE OF HEAT DISPOSAL OUTSIDE DRIVE GAS-TURBINE INSTALLATIONS OF GTS OF UKRAINE” as part of the target scientific program of the NASU

In the framework of the third stage of work, the choice of the thermal scheme of the heat recovery steam turbine unit (STU) for the utilization of exhaust heat behind gas turbine drives of the GTS has been substantiated, and a mathematical model of the PTU has been developed. The mathematical model of STU was created on the basis of thermohydraulic models of elements of STU (steam turbine, steam generator and condenser), using the interval – iterative approach to modeling the steam generator of STU, which has the greatest impact on the technical and economic performance of the installation.

Based on the developed mathematical model of STU, a comparison of the technical and economic indicators of an air turbine (Brighton cycle) and steam – turbine (Rankine cycle) installations with a nominal power of 1 MW for utilization of exhaust heat behind drive gas turbine units with a capacity of 25 MW was made. A comparative analysis of the economic indicators of utilization with the help of air-turbine and steam-turbine units is carried out. Based on the performed calculations, a feasibility study on the use of heat recovery plants according to drive GTU of the gas transportation system of Ukraine was made.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Severin S.D., Kovalenko A.S., Kovalenko V.

Theme 1.7.1.864 “RESEARCH OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CHANNELS WITH FLOW SWIRL AND CREATION OF NEW VORTEX TECHNOLOGIES FOR POWER ENGINEERING”

A theoretical study of gas dynamics and heat transfer in a circular channel which rotates radially with flow swirls has been performed. Comparison with experimental data adequate turbulence models for calculating heat transfer and gas dynamics were determined by comparison with experimental data. The influence of the acceleration of the Coriolis force was determined. It was shown that in order to achieve maximum heat transfer, the direction of flow swirl in the cooling channel must coincide with the direction of rotation of the channel. Similar conclusions were obtained when studying the model of cyclone cooling of a rotating blade. It was shown that using various laws of flow swirl, one can control the law of heat transfer in the cyclone cooling channel, both under stationary conditions and during channel rotation. To achieve the maximum heat flow in the middle part of the cooling channel, which is typical for GTE blades, the optimal design was the one with the cooler supplied through a tangentially inclined swirler with compactly arranged multi-row tapering slots.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Kobzar S.G., Severin S.D.

Theme 1.7.1.870 “OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRIC HEATING TECHNOLOGIES TO REPLACE NATURAL GAS IN DOMESTIC HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEMS”

In accordance with the work plan for 2015, information on the fuel and energy balance (FEB) of Ukraine and on domestic heat supply systems according to the international IEA methodology was collected and analysed. In the data on the fuel and energy balance of Ukraine of the energy sector, the influence of the fact of hostilities in the Donbass on the technical and economic indicators is taken into account. For comparison, the fuel and energy balance of 16 representative countries that make up the group of “northern” countries (Canada, the Scandinavian states, Belarus, Poland, Slovakia) and the group of developed countries (USA, China, Japan, Germany, France, Great Britain, and the Russian Federation) were also considered. The well-known target functions of the tasks of optimizing the efficiency of energy-processing technologies in heat supply systems are analyzed. The need for the formulation and solution of the special problem of optimizing the technologies of electric heating and search based on the exergy-economic analysis of the target function of optimizing the connection schemes (hybridization) of electrothermal storage technologies in existing systems and equipment for domestic heating has been established.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Timchenko N.P.

Contract No. P5.1.2 – 2015 “EXTENDING THE LIFE OF THE FURNACE SCREENS OF THE TPP-312 BOILER BY REDUCING HIGH-TEMPERATURE GAS CORROSION BY CONTROLLING THE FLOW STRUCTURE IN THE FURNACE VOLUME DURING COAL COMBUSTION” AS PART OF THE TARGET COMPLEX PROGRAM OF SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE “PROBLEMS OF THE RESOURCE AND SAFETY OF OPERATION OF STRUCTURES, CONSTRUCTIONS AND MACHINES “(” RESOURCE “)

Stage 3 – to develop a method for controlling the process of burning coal in the furnace of the boiler TPP-312 to reduce gas corrosion of the furnace screens

A method baised on the redistribution of secondary air flow on the first-stage burners for controlling the process of burning coal in the furnace chamber of the TPP-312 boiler has been developed. The method was adopted for use at Ladyzhinskaya TPP (DTEK) and has an efficiency of reducing high-temperature gas corrosion of about 20%, which will extend the life of the lower radiation part of the unit to 1.5 years. The stations received practical recommendations on the organization of the process of burning sulfur-containing coal in the boiler TPP- 312, accepted for use at Ladyzhinskaya HPP (DTEK).

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Contract No. Ob.5.3.1-2015 “REDUCING THE EMISSION OF NITROGEN OXIDES INTO THE ATMOSPHERE BY INTRODUCING THE METHOD OF STAGE-BY-STAGE COAL COMBUSTION IN TPP-312 BOILERS” AS PART OF THE TARGET COMPLEX SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH PROGRAM OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE “SCIENTIFIC, TECHNICAL, REGULATORY AND INFORMATIONAL SUPPORT FOR CREATING A FLEXIBLE AND ADAPTIVE INTEGRATED POWER SYSTEM OF UKRAINE” (“ASSOCIATION- 2 “)

Stage 3 – development of a recommendation for the operator of the power unit in the form of a functional map of the operation of the unit with a step-by-step coal combustionЁ system for the main load modes of electric plant turbines.

A mode map of the boiler TPP 312 of block No. 6 of Ladyzhinskaya HPP (DTEK) was developed when operating in the three-stage coal combustion mode, which allows to reduce nitrogen oxide emissions by 30%. The mode map is accepted for use at Ladyzhinskaya PP (DTEK). Measures to modernize the existing step-by-step system of coal combustion which provide a reduction of nitrogen oxides by 50% were proposed.

Acad.of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Kobzar S.G.

Project K-5-47 / 2015 “Optimization of the thermohydraulic characteristics of heat transfer and steam generating equipment for a fourth-generation high-temperature gas-cooling nuclear power plant with a thermal capacity of 250 MW” as part of the target program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine on nuclear energy.

The methodology of interval – iterative thermohydraulic calculation of a high-temperature steam generator of a nuclear power plant of the GT (Gas Turbine)-MGR (Modular Helium Reactor)-HTES (High Temperature Electrolysis of Steam) type was developed, on its basis a mathematical model of a vertical type steam generator of HPP with spiral-wound (coil) tubes was created. Using the mathematical model of the steam generator the problem was formulated and a conceptual methodology for multicriteria optimization of the thermohydraulic and weight and size characteristics of the high-temperature steam generator of a nuclear power plant with a gas-cooled reactor using helium as the primary coolant was developed. An analysis is made of the operating and geometric parameters of high-temperature steam generators of nuclear power plants was made and the preliminary selection of their values for high-temperature steam generators of fourth-generation nuclear power plants is substantiated. The developed algorithm was used to perform test optimization calculations of a high-temperature steam generator for a promising nuclear power plant of the GT (Gas Turbine)-MHR (Modular Helium Reactor)-HTES (High temperature Electrolysis of Steam) type with a reactor thermal power of 250 MW. The possibility of practical use of the developed mathematical model and the proposed optimization algorithm for the optimal design of fourth-generation high-temperature steam generators is shown.

Acad. A.A. Khalatov, Severin S.D., Donik T.V.

Contract No. 03-08-15 OF JULY 8, 2015 “HEAT TRANSFER AND AERODYNAMICS DURING BALL BURNING OF VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLID BIOFUEL AND AGRICULTURAL WASTE” WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF THE TARGET PROGRAM OF THE NAS OF UKRAINE, GENERAL COMPETITION FOR THE NAS OF BELARUS.

The experimental stand for burning peat (biofuel) in a two-stage process was modernized. Adjustment experiments were carried out. Experimental studies of the temperature regimes of burning peat, agricultural residues and their mixtures at various levels of air heating were performed.

Three papers were published, one report was made at an international conference.

Acad. Khalatov A.A., Kovalenko A.V.,. Shikhabutinova O.V.

Contract No. 01-08-15 OF 05/05/2015 “EXPERIMENTAL AND NUMERICAL STUDIES OF PROMISING FILM COOLING SCHEMES FOR HIGH-TEMPERATURE POWER PLANTS” AS PART OF THE TARGET PROGRAM OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE, GENERAL COMPETITION FOR RFFI

(Russian Fund of Fundamental Investigations).

A numerical study of fluid dynamics was performed, as well as a numerical and experimental study of the effectiveness of film cooling of a flat surface by a single-row system of inclined cylindrical holes located in a trench. As the calculations showed, when the secondary air is fed into the trench, the pair vortex is significantly weakened, which, along with separation, is one of the key mechanisms of film destruction due to the transportation of the main stream masses to the surface. The conducted experimental and numerical studies of film cooling of a flat surface using a single-row system of inclined holes in the trench showed significantly higher efficiency and uniformity of surface coating compared to traditional schemes (increase in efficiency by 2 … 3 times for large injection parameters). These schemes can be recommended for use in the practice of film cooling of high-temperature power plants.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Severin S.D., Bezlyudnaya M.V., Panchenko N.A.

Theme 1.7.1.858 “RESEARCH OF THE AIR CYCLE of heat recovery outside the gas turbine driven gas turbine plants of UKRAINIAN GTP” as part of the target scientific program of the NASU

A numerical comparative study of ways of increasing the efficiency of an air turbine heat recovery unit (ATHRU) with a rated power of 1 MW was performed. A mathematical model and a computer program were developed, a thermohydraulic calculation of a ATHRU tubular type heat exchanger was performed. The optimal operating parameters and geometric characteristics of the heat exchanger were determined. An analysis is made of the influence of promising methods of heat transfer enhancement in tube bundles of a heat exchanger on its thermohydraulic characteristics, as well as on the efficiency of the ATHRU as a whole, using mathematical models developed at the first stage and available experimental data. A comparison of the thermal-hydraulic and mass-dimensional characteristics of heat exchangers with various methods of internal and external heat transfer enhancement is presented.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Severin S.D., Kovalenko A.S., Kovalenko V.

Theme 1.7.1.853 “RESEARCH OF SURFACE-Vortex SYSTEMS FOR HEAT TRANSFER ENHACEMENT AND INCREASING EFFICIENCY OF COOLING IN PERSPECTIVE GTE”

A series of experimental studies of the efficiency of trench and two-jet film cooling was carried out, a comparison with the traditional configuration of the holes was made. It was shown that the use of these cooling methods can significantly increase the efficiency indicator by 1.2 – 2 times. Using the ANSYS software package numerical calculations of trench and two-jet film cooling were performed. Experimental studies of heat transfer during transverse air flow of a single pipe and tube bundles with spherical holes on their surface were carried out. It was shown that in the range of Reynolds numbers from 1,000 to 6,000, the degree of heat transfer enhacement reaches 1.4, while the hydraulic resistance practically does not increase.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Borisov I.I., Kovalenko A.V., Bezlyudnaya M.V., Panchenko N.A.

Theme 1.7.1.857. “DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF ELECTRIC HEAT SUPPLY TECHNOLOGIES OF HEAT SUPPLY AT OBJECTS OF SOCIAL AND BUDGET SPHERE”

According to the work plan for 2014, energy monitoring of installed electric heating systems was carried out, the main types of EHS (Electric Heat Storage) technologies were compared, the optimal technology for the pilot zone was selected. An analysis was also made of the energy efficiency of electrical heat supply using new technologies in comparison with other heat supply technologies based on alternative and renewable energy sources. The obtained results were processed and summarized. Reporting documentation has been prepared. According to the results of the study, a pilot zone was created in the Derazhnyansky district of the Khmelnitsky region, in which 60% of schools are currently switched to electric heat storage heating (heating cables, electric boilers). According to the results of the surveys it was found that compared with the existing coal and natural gas boiler houses, according to actual data, electric heating systems consume 2 – 2.3 times less than standard fuel. According to the conclusion of the Derazhnyanskaya Regional State Administration, it is also advisable to introduce electric heating in the residential sector. An act from the RSA of the Derazhnyansky district of the Khmelnitsky region on the implementation of research results in the pilot area was received.

Acad. of NASU Khalatov A.A., Timchenko N.P.

2016

Theme 1.7.1.858 “RESEARCH OF THE AIR CYCLE OF HEAT DISPOSAL OUTSIDE DRIVE GAS-TURBINE INSTALLATIONS OF GTS OF UKRAINE” A part of the target scientific program of the NASU

In the framework of the fourth stage of work, we generalized the results of studies of the thermodynamic characteristics of the cycle and the thermal hydraulic characteristics of the heat exchanger of an air turbine heat recovery plant. A comparative study of the technical and economic indicators of gas-air and steam-gas cycle heat recovery plants was conducted. Initial data were prepared for the technical specifications of the project of a pilot installation for utilization of exhaust heat behind driving gas turbines of the gas transmission system of Ukraine with a nominal electric capacity of 1 MW. A final report on the topic was prepared.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S.D. Severin, A.S. Kovalenko, G.V. Kovalenko

Theme 1.7.1.864 “RESEARCH OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CHANNELS WITH FLOW SWIRL AND CREATION OF NEW VORTEX TECHNOLOGIES FOR POWER ENGINEERING”

Mathematical simulation of film cooling by a single-row system of inclined holes without dimples and holes in spherical dimples (oscillatory cooling), and a rectangular trench under stationary conditions and under conditions of rotation of the cooling surface was carried out. The efficiency of multi-row film cooling was simulated. A generalization of the data was carried out, recommendations for the implementation of the results in the practice of industrial turbine construction were developed.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, I.I. Borisov, S.G. Kobzar, S.D. Severin

Theme 1.7.1.870 “OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRIC HEATING TECHNOLOGIES TO REPLACE NATURAL GAS IN DOMESTIC HEAT HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEM”

The analysis of the potential of the installed electric generating capacities for their use for economically feasible electric heating in domestic heat supply systems was carried out. This reserve mainly consists of a nightly failure of the daily load schedule and, taking into account the prospective development of decentralized energy generation and is generally estimated to be up to 4 GW. The structure of infrastructural requirements (including at the sublevels of technical, functional, institutional, energy and economic requirements) was studied. Taking into account the peculiarities arising from the spread of electric heating among low-power (up to 5 kW), but massive (up to 19 million) end consumers, based on the current and future level of development of information and switching network technologies, a selective transition of many end users of domestic heat supply systems to the the state of active consumers of IES (Integrated Energy System) of Ukraine according to the Smart Grid concept is proposed. Peculiarities of the development and implementation of a hybrid system of electric heat supply for serial housing and communal services objects (such as high-rise buildings) are considered and their bivalent circuitry solutions as consumer regulators of the promising IES ENTSO-E system of Ukraine are proposed

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, N.P. Timchenko

Project No. P5.9 “EXTENSION OF THE RESOURCE OF CONVECTIVE SURFACES OF HEATING THE BOILER TPP 312 BY REDUCING ABRASIVE EROSION”

Targeted research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Reliability and Durability of Materials, Constructions, Equipment and Structures” (Resource-2)

Stage 1: To develop a detailed computer model of the boiler TPP 312

50,0 thousand UAH were received in 2016.

A mathematical and computer model of the furnace chamber of the TPP 312 boiler was developed, which allows obtaining adequate information on the fluid dynamics of heat and mass transfer and determining zones of increased erosion of pipes of convective heating surfaces. The fields of velocities, temperatures, and concentrations in the volume of the boiler TPP 312 for loading a 280 MW turbine were obtained, and zones of increased intensity of the discharge of solid particles onto pipes of convective heating surfaces were identified. The results of computer simulation showed the presence of two zones of increased intensity of particle discharge onto the pipes of convective heating surfaces: the first zone is the lower bends of the pipes of the screen steam superheater of the 1st degree; the second zone – starts at a distance of 4 m and ends at a distance of 6 m from the beginning of the convective shaft.

Draft Ob.5.3.1 “APPLICATION OF THREE-STAGE COAL-BURNING TECHNOLOGIES AND SELECTIVE NON-CATALYTIC REDUCTION TO REDUCE THE EMISSION OF NITROGEN OXIDE IN POWER BOILERS TPP 312″

The target program of the scientific research of NAS of Ukraine “Scientific and technical bases of energy cooperation between Ukraine and European Union.”

Stage I: Verification of the mechanisms of the chemical kinetics of the reduction of nitrogen oxides under the conditions of the simultaneous occurrence of the Reburning and chemical conversion processes using selective non-catalytic reduction technology

72,0 thousand UAH were received in 2016.

The module for calculating the nitrogen oxides of the application package was improved and its verification was completed. Verification of the software package showed: the temperature distribution is consistent with experimental data; the concentration of nitrogen oxides at the exit of the test geometry during single-stage combustion of coal is determined with an accuracy of 25%; the relative efficiency of the improved method of three-stage coal combustion is determined with an error of 6%. A study of the effect of the use of low-reactive reduction fuels (coal dust) on the simultaneous course of nitrogen oxide reduction processes by the Reburning and SNCR (Selective Noncatalytic Reduction) mechanisms was made. As an object of study, we used a model of a combustion chamber of test geometry on which the software package was verified. The results obtained showed that the supply of a reducing agent reagent (ammonia) can increase the efficiency of three-stage coal combustion up to 71% at an ammonia concentration at the outlet from the combustion chamber. The use of coal dust afterburning fuel, in contrast to the case when highly reactive fuel (natural gas) is used as the latter, reduces the efficiency of reducing nitrogen oxides when using the improved method of three-stage coal combustion by 7%, 78.4% when using natural gas against 71% when using coal dust.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar.

Project Ob.2.5-2016 dated 04/01/2016. “THE DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL BASES FOR CONSTRUCTING HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRIC HEAT SUPPLY OF SERIAL OBECTS OF HOUSING AND COMMUNAL SERVICES (OF TYPE OF MULTI-STOREY HOUSES) AS ACTIVE SMART-USERS INTEGRATED IN PERSPECTIVE SYSTEM OF IES (INTEGRATED ENERGY SYSTEM) UKRAINE ENTSO-E”

The target research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Scientific and Technical Foundations of Energy Cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union” (Ob’edinenie-3).

Stage I: development of schemes for technical solutions of bivalent electric heat heat supply systems as consumers – regulators of the IES of Ukraine

28,0 thousand UAH were received in 2016.

The basic requirements for modern hybrid systems of electric heat supply of serial objects of housing and communal services (such as multistoried buildings) were developed. They are systematized according to structural levels. Schemes of technical solutions for the bulk of serial objects that form multilevel systems of autonomous, decentralized, moderately centralized and centralized heat supply were proposed. It is proposed to consider the lower level of these systems as active consumer regulators, localized as a separate apartment (household) with a thermal power of 5 … 10 kW, which were connected to an average of 11 kW of apartment electrical wiring. Each such active consumer regulator has access to the means of accumulating electric and heat energy in the daily load cycle of the IES of Ukraine; equipped with a sensor network, programmable logic controllers for climate control in accordance with the target functions of both the consumer-regulator and all interested parties of the process of generation, transmission, distribution and consumption of energy.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, N.P. Timchenko

Contract No. 03-08-16 of March 1, 2016 “HEAT TRANSFER AND AERODYNAMICS DURING LAYERED COMBUSTION OF VARIOUS TYPES OF SOLID BIOFUEL AND AGRICULTURAL WASTE” as part of the target program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, general competition for NAS of Belarus

85,0 thousand UAH were received in 2016.

The process of two-stage combustion of low-grade fuels is investigated. The addition of peat, wood waste and used engine oil has led to a significant reduction in carbon monoxide emissions. Heating of primary and secondary air by 80 ° reduced carbon monoxide emissions by 1.3 … 1.5 times, while maintaining a stable level of nitrogen oxide emissions. The effect of particle sizes of solid fuels on the power of the heat generator is investigated. A catalytic effect of adding chips from steel 1X18H9T on the combustion of peat which led to a decrease in the concentration of carbon monoxide in the combustion products was noted. A method for calculating a device for combustion of biofuel and agricultural waste was developed. A new heat generator with heating of the primary and secondary air was and investigated. A recipe for wood and peat waste mixtures suitable for combustion in low-power heat generators was proposed. The recommendations on the design of combustion chambers of low-power boilers were formulated. Comparison of layer combustion and combustion in cyclone-layer furnaces was performed.

Acad. of NASU A.A. Khalatov, G.V. Kovalenko, O.V. Shihabutinova

2017

Theme 1.7.1.880 “DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF AN EXCELLENT HEAT PUMP BASED ON THE RANKIN AND MAYSOTSENKO PROGRAMS FOR HEAT SUPPLY AND AIR-CONDITION OF BUILDINGS” as part of the target scientific program of the NASU department

As part of the first stage of work, a thermodynamic analysis of the Maysocenko cycle for air heating systems was performed. A combined heat pump system based on the Rankine and Maysotsenko cycles was developed, and a pilot sample of a 28 kW heat pump was created and tested. Thermal experiments, which showed that the efficiency coefficient (7-9) significantly exceeds the performance of traditional heat pumps based on the Rankine cycle were carried out. Act of implementation was received.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, O.S. Stupak.

Theme 1.7.1.864 “RESEARCH OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CHANNELS WITH FLOW SWITCH AND CREATION OF NEW VORTEX TECHNOLOGIES FOR POWER ENGINEERING”

A mathematical model of the Brighton reverse cycle with the utilization of exhaust heat by the M-cycle was developed. The analysis of the thermodynamic cycle, the influence of the parameters of the cycle and the environment on the efficiency was carried out. A mathematical model of heat and mass transfer in the channels of the Maysocenko apparatus was developed. An experimental setup for studying the Mysocenko thermodynamic cycle based on an evaporative heat and mass transfer apparatus was created.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, I.I. Borisov, S.G. Kobzar, S.D. Severin

Theme 1.7.1.870. “OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRIC HEATING TECHNOLOGIES TO REPLACE NATURAL GAS IN DOMESTIC HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEM”

According to the 2017 work plan, the technical base of electric heating technologies based on the combined (district systems of heat and electricity supply) network power supply was studied. Most attention was paid to the analysis and selection of energy storage circuits, sensor networks, information and telemetry tools, platforms, protocols for programmable logic controllers, the information environment necessary for the organization and operation of networks of distributed final energy consumers. Rational, using available and promising wireless networks for monitoring and controlling bivalent electrical heat supply systems for typical housing and communal services objects, like most apartments in apartment buildings with vertical and horizontal distributions of the heat carrier from individual heat point to final heating devices, were proposed. The bivalent electrical heat supply system of apartments with horizontal beam distribution and heat storage in the night interval in heat-accumulating electric furnaces was considered in more detail. This apartment (household, or energy metering point) was considered as an active consumer-regulator with a capacity of 5-10 kW for the IES (Inegrated Energy System) of Ukraine. Wiring diagrams for bivalent electrical heat supply systems for subscribers of the lowest, most massive level of apartment buildings were developed. Schematic and technical solutions for serial facilities that form multi-level systems of autonomous, decentralized, moderately centralized and centralized heat supply were also proposed. An assembled and streamlined unified set of technical and regulatory requirements for modern and promising hybrid electric heat supply systems, in particular, electric heating of serial objects of housing and communal services. It has about 70 SBN (State Building Norms), SSU (State Standards of Ukraine) the Laws of Ukraine (as well as the EU), departmental materials that directly relate to the electric heat supply of apartment buildings to which they must correspond.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, N.P. Timchenko

Project Ob.5.3.1 “APPLICATION OF THREE-STAGE COAL COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES AND SELECTIVE NON-CATALYTIC REDUCTION TO REDUCE THE EMISSION OF NITROGEN OXIDE IN POWER BOILERS TPP 312”

The target research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Scientific and technical foundations of energy cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union” (Ob’jedinenie-3).

Stage 2 “DEVELOPMENT OF TECHNOLOGY OF IMPROVED METHOD OF THREE-STAGE COAL BURNING FOR THE BOILER TPP 312”

85,0 thousand UAH was received in 2017.

A detailed computer model of the boiler TPP 312 was developed and a study was conducted of the operation of the mounted three-stage coal combustion system (TSC) using coal dust as an afterburning fuel was conducted . An analysis of the temperature distribution in the boiler volume during the operation of the three-stage coal combustion system at the design operating parameters showed that in the fuel-rich zone located between the additional burners and tertiary air nozzles the temperature window conditions (850 – 1175 ° С) are not provided for the introduction of selective non-catalytic reduction technology (SNRT). The simultaneous use of technologies for three-stage coal combustion and selective non-catalytic reduction is possible with the introduction of a reducing agent reagent above the tertiary air nozzles. The positive effect of the simultaneous use of TSC and SNRT technologies depends on the site of introduction of the reductant reagent. The greatest effect was achieved when ammonia was introduced into the recirculation nozzles together with flue gases. So with the introduction of ammonia in an amount of 0.1667 kg / s, an increase in the efficiency of reducing nitrogen oxides to 51% is observed compared to a standard boiler. The increase in the reduction of nitrogen oxides in comparison with the case of the operation of one TSC system is 38%. The ammonia concentration at the outlet of the boiler is 90 ppm. To increase the recovery level of nitrogen oxides, it is necessary to optimize the three-stage coal combustion system that will be carried out at the third stage of the project.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S. G. Kobzar

Project Ob.2.5 “DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL BASES FOR CONSTRUCTING HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRIC HEAT SUPPLY OF SERIAL OBJECTS OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY SERVICES (TYPE OF MULTI-STOREY HOUSES) AS AN ACTIVE SMART-USERS, INTEGRATED IN PERSPECTIVE SYSTEM OF IES (INTEGRATED ENERGY SYSTEM) OF UKRAINE -ENTSO-E (EUROPEAN TRANSMISSION OF ELECTRICITY)

The target research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Scientific and technical foundations of energy cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union” (Ob’jedinenie-3).

Together with the department of “Thermophysics of energy-efficient technologies”.

Stage 2 “DEVELOPMENT OF THE BASIC CONDITIONS FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF A BIVALENT ELECTRIC HEAT-ACCUMULATION SMART MODULE (BEHA SM) OF FINAL HEAT ENERGY CONSUMERS AND THEIR NETWORK MODEL”.

The share of the Department of Thermogasdynamics in 2017 is 26,5 thousand UAH.

In accordance with the work plan, the general principles and basic regulations for the construction of a bivalent electric heat accumulation smart module (BEHA SM) of final heat energy consumers were developed. The analysis of various methods of energy storage in BEHA SM, namely, storage in systems of heating, hot water supply, cold supply and the accumulation of network “surplus” in the daily cycle of electric energy production, is carried out. The results of an examination of the features of artificial microclimate support systems in high-tech industries with a generalization of the experience gained in hybrid electric heat supply systems of serial apartment buildings was given. Using an example of an apartment in an apartment building equipped with a modern district heat supply system with horizontal wiring and radiation connection of heating devices, a typical scheme of bivalent apartment energy supply for apartment buildings with heat accumulation in heat-accumulating electric furnaces was developed. The problems of the choice of modern and promising means of information and telecommunication support of housing and communal services in the chain of “BEHA SM” ↔ “smart home” ↔ “smart city” ↔ “intelligent electric networks” were highlighted. A network model of BEHA SM as a nodal element of a hybrid electric heat supply system of an apartment building was constructed.

Acad. NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, N.P. Timchenko

Project No. P5.9 “EXTENSION OF THE RESOURCE OF CONVECTIVE SURFACES OF HEATING OF BOILERS TPP 312 BY REDUCING ABRASIVE EROSION”

The target research program of the NAS of Ukraine “Reliability and durability of materials, constructions, equipment and structures” (Resource-2)

Stage 2 “TO MAKE A MAP OF ZONES OF INCREASED WEAR OF PIPES OF CONVECTIVE SURFACES”

56,0 thousand UAH was received in 2017.

At the second stage using the detailed computer model of the boiler TPP 312 developed at the first stage, a full-parametric simulation of the gas path of the boiler TPP 312 was carried out at the main load modes, according to which a map of the zones of increased wear of pipes of convective heating surfaces was compiled. It was determined that the lower pipes of the screen steam degree superheater of the first degree, especially those sections of pipes located at the pass, experience the greatest negative effect of solid particles. On the heat transfer surfaces of the convection shaft of the boiler, the zone of increased negative impact of solid particles on the pipe material is situated from the middle of the width to the outside of the convection shaft and passes through all the heat transfer packets. This zone is most dangerous for pipes of a water economizer, since the water economizer is made of carbon steel. The results of the second stage will be used at the third stage of the project to develop a method for extending the resource of convective heating surfaces of the boiler TPP 312 by reducing their abrasive erosion. The results of the project as a whole have the prospects of introducing l thermal power engineering of Ukraine into the boilers of TPP 312. Implementation of the project results will extend the resource of convective heating surfaces of specified boilers TPP 312, and thereby increase their operational reliability.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S. G. Kobzar

2018

Theme 1.7.1.880 “DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF AN EXCELLENT HEAT PUMP BASED ON RENKIN AND MAYSOTSENKO PROGRAMS FOR HEAT SUPPLY AND CONDITIONING OF BUILDINGS”

The target scientific program of the department of NAS of Ukraine, code 6541030

An experimental study of a pilot sample of an ultra-efficient combined heat pump in the winter of 2017-2018 was carried out. and the spring period of 2018, processing and summarizing the results of the study showed that the COP (Coefficient of Performance)) of such a heat pump is observed at a level of 7-10, even when the ambient temperature drops to -8 ° C, in contrast to other types of the similar equipment, whose COP at such under the same conditions, decreases to 2. Based on the data obtained, a new scheme of the combined heat pump was developed and 2 patent applications were filed. . A new series of experimental studies of a pilot sample of an ultra-efficient combined heat pump in the autumn and winter periods of 2018 was begun.

Research Level: Exceeds High Level International Standards Theme of the CC 888 “DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF THERMAL AND GAS DYNAMICS OF POWER INSTALLATIONS AND MONITORING EMISSIONS OF POLLUTING SUBSTANCES”

The target scientific program of the department of NAS of Ukraine, code 6541230

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, O.S. Stupak.

Theme of the DT 888 “DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF THERMAL AND GAS DYNAMICS OF POWER INSTALLATIONS AND MONITORING EMISSIONS OF POLLUTING SUBSTANCES”

The target scientific program of the department of NAS of Ukraine, code 6541230

During the first stage, a computer model of the gas path of the boiler TPP 312 was built. A separate study of the fluid dynamics of the swirling flow in the burner model of the boiler TPP 312 with a different number of blades of swirl of the secondary air of the burner was carried out. The results of these studies to set the boundary conditions for the burner cut when calculating the thermogasdynamics of the boiler TPP 312 were used . Numerical simulation of the coal combustion process in the computer model of the boiler was carried out, the influence of the degree of the swirl and its direction on the thermogasdynamics of the firing space of the boiler furnace and the the process of formation of nitrogen oxides in the active burning zone were determined . A study of the effect of flow swirl in the burners on the amount of ash particles that will be taken from the flow of combustion products and removed from the boiler with liquid slag was made.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

500,0 thousand UAH was received in 2018.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S. G. Kobzar

Theme 1.7.1.864 “RESEARCH OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CHANNELS WITH FLOW SWIRL AND CREATION OF NEW VORTEX TECHNOLOGIES FOR POWER ENGINEERING”

Departmental subjects, code 6541030

Finishing experiments to study the evaporative heat and mass transfer apparatus werecarried. Experimental studies of heat transfer and fluid dynamics in an evaporative heat and mass transfer apparatus were carried out. An experimental facility for studying heat transfer and hydrodynamics during flow around tube bundles was developed. Experimental studies of heat transfer and fluid dynamics in the transverse flow around a single pipe with a spiral groove were carried out.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, I.I. Borisov, O.S. Stupak, G.V. Kovalenko

Theme 1.7.1.870. OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRIC HEATING TECHNOLOGIES TO REPLACE NATURAL GAS IN THE DOMESTIC HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEM

Departmental subjects, code 6541050

In accordance with the work plan for 2018, an analytical review of the methods of thermodynamic analysis (TDA) of the efficiency of heating technologies in domestic heat supply systems, mainly – district heat supply systems (DHSS), was carried out. As TDA methods, methods of energy and exergo-economic analysis were used. At first, the efficiency of heating technologies with separate and combined (with a heating cycle) energy generation was considered. It has been established that in order to optimize the energy supply system (heat and electricity supply) in the case of distributed (decentralized) energy supply, it is advisable to attract end-users of energy with the provision of active consumer functions within the framework of a smart energy system and with the opportunity to participate in regulating the energy market on the basis of demand management (DM) for energy (thermal and electrical) – alignment of the load curve. To increase the TDA efficiency of (CHSS) technologies with distributed energy supply on the basis of alternative energy sources, a combined (electric and heat, including centralized combined heat and cold supply) generation systems to be coupled with additional powerful means of thermal energy storage was proposed. To increase the energy efficiency of the CHSS, polyvalent (hybrid) systems with low-exergic heating devices are offered. As one of the promising options that meets the level of the international standard, a hybrid system with the existing CHSS (as the basic one) and with electric heated devices (with the accumulation of thermal energy during the hours of the near-peak intervals of the daily cycle) as closers to a comfortable state is proposed. The level of the results of the research and technical solutions of the research meets international standards, in particular EN 15603 and EN 15217 level.

An act of implementation was received.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, N.P. Timchenko

Project Ob.5.3.1 “APPLICATION OF THREE-STAGE COAL COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES AND SELECTIVE NON-CATALYTIC REDUCTION TO REDUCE THE EMISSION OF NITROGEN OXIDE IN POWER BOILERS TPP 312”

The target research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Scientific and Technical Foundations of Energy Cooperation between Ukraine and the European Union” (Ob’jedinenie-3), code 6541030

Stage 3 “Optimization of the advanced three-stage coal combustion system of the TPP 312 boiler”

85,0 thousand UAH was received in 2018.

Due to the design features of the boiler TPP 312, the implementation of an improved method of three-stage coal combustion with the supply of a reducing agent reagent to the fuel-rich recovery zone, which is located between the additional burners and tertiary air nozzles, is impractical. To ensure a positive effect on the reduction of nitrogen oxides by introducing the technology of advanced three-stage combustion of coal with coal dust afterburning fuel and ammonia reducing agent reagent on the boiler TPP 312, it is advisable to use the supply of reducing agent reagent to the fuel-depleted zone located above the tertiary air nozzles. A theoretical possibility has been shown to achieve a reduction of nitrogen oxide emissions at the level of 56.5% with loads close to the nominal ones, in the case of the introduction of an improved three-stage combustion system on the boiler TPP 312. This percentage reduction in nitrogen oxide emissions theoretically allows reaching a concentration of 200 mg / nm3, which corresponds to environmental EU standards.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S. G. Kobzar

Project Ob5.3.1d “DEVELOPMENT OF A TECHNOLOGY FOR SUBMITTING AMINO-CONTAINING REAGENTS TO SMOKE GASES TO REDUCE NITROGEN OXIDES IN THE BOILER TPP 312”

110,0 thousand UAH was received in 2018.

As a result of the completed project, a concept was developed for the technology of supplying an amine-containing reagent to the flue gases to reduce nitrogen oxides in the boiler 312 based on the method of selective non-catalytic reduction and allows to obtain a reduction in nitrogen oxides: 20-25% with supply of the reagent to the flue gas recirculation nozzles located on top of the firebox on the rear surface; depending on the load, 40-60% in the case of supplying the reducing agent reagent to the existing flue gas recirculation nozzles and to the openings that are created on the front and side surfaces of the boiler furnace in cross section near the screen superheater was developed.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

Acad. NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar.

Project Ob.2.5 “DEVELOPMENT OF SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL BASES FOR CONSTRUCTING HYBRID SYSTEMS FOR ELECTRIC HEAT SUPPLY OF SERIAL OBJECTS OF HOUSING AND COMMUNITY SERVICES (TYPE OF MULTI-STOREY HOUSES) AS AN ACTIVE SMART-USERS INTEGRATED IN PERSPECTIVE IES UKRAINE – ENSO-E”

Together with the department of “Thermophysics of energy-efficient technologies”.

Stage 3 “Development of a methodology for integrating bivalent smart modules of a hybrid electric heating system and the promising IES of Ukraine and ENTSO-E. Development of technical specifications for the creation of a hybrid electric heating system of a typical multi-storey building as an active consumer of the IES of Ukraine”.

The share of Department of High Temperature Thermogasdynamics in 2018 is 26,5 thousand UAH.

In accordance with the work plan, general provisions have been developed for the integration methodology of the IES of Ukraine and ENTSO-E in the form of a smart energy system taking into account the peculiarities of both domestic and European electric power systems and heat power systems (district heating systems) has been developed. The features of the fourth generation district heating systems (4G-DH) were also taken into account. The features of a bivalent electrothermal storage smart module as an aggregator of a smart energy system for a hybrid electric heating system of apartment buildings were considered. An advance draft of the technical task for the creation of a hybrid system of electric heating supply of a typical multi-storey building as an active consumer of IES of Ukraine was developed. Created a final report on the topic “Development of scientific and technical foundations for the construction of hybrid heat supply systems for serial housing and communal services objects (such as high-rise buildings) as active smart consumers integrated into the promising system of IES of Ukraine-ENTSO-E.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, N.P. Timchenko

Project No. P5.9 “EXTENSION OF THE RESOURCE OF CONVECTIVE SURFACES OF HEATING BOILERS TPP 312 BY REDUCING ABRASIVE EROSION”

The target research program of the NAS of Ukraine “Reliability and durability of materials, constructions, equipment and structures” (Resource-2), code 6541030

Stage 3 “To develop a method for extending the resource of convective surfaces of the boiler TPP 312 by reducing their abrasive erosion”

At the third stage, a method to extend the life of convective heating surfaces based on local pipe protection was developed. Practical recommendations have been developed to extend the life of the heat transfer surfaces of the boiler TPP 312.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

56,0 thousand UAH was received in 2018.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar, G.V. Kovalenko

PROJECT “CREATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVICES FOR CONTROL OF THE SURFACE EMISSION COEFFICIENT OF MATERIALS AND COATINGS USING HIGH-SENSITIVE INFRARED RADIATION SENSORS“.

The target research program of the NAS of Ukraine “Semiconductor materials, technologies and sensors for technical systems of diagnostics, control and management”, code 6541030.

Together with the department of heat metering, diagnostics and optimization in the energy sector.

Stage 1 “Analysis of methods for determining the emission coefficient, computer simulation of complex heat transfer, selection of the structure of the device, determination of the characteristics of the sensors and the composition of the secondary equipment”

Verification of the numerical calculation of heat transfer in a cylindrical cavity with an upper end that heats up was carried out. A computer model was created on the basis of the ANSYS software package for calculating heat transfer in the cylinder cavity relative to simulation of calibration of heat flow sensors was created. The model includes radial , convective and heat-conducting components.

It is shown that convective and heat-conducting components play an insignificant role in the total heat transfer (up to 0.1% in total), and their contribution can be neglected. A good agreement was obtained between the results of experiments and calculations (the discrepancy does not exceed 2%) was obtained. It was concluded that the calculations adequately describe heat transfer in a cylindrical cavity, and the ANSYS complex can be used to conduct further numerical multi-parameter studies aimed at identifying the influence of various factors on heat transfer.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

The share of the Department of High Temperature Thermogasdynamics in 2018 is 150,0 thousand UAH.

Acad.of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S. G. Kobzar, I.I. Borisov

2019

Theme 1.7.1.880 “DEVELOPMENT AND RESEARCH OF AN EXCELLENT HEAT PUMP BASED ON THE RENKIN AND MAISOTSENKO PROGRAMS FOR HEAT SUPPLY AND AIR-CONDITION OF BUILDINGS”

The target scientific program of the department of NAS of Ukraine, code 6541030

An experimental study of the characteristics of an ultra-efficient combined heat pump in the winter and autumn heating seasons of 2019 was conducted. The research results showed that the efficiency of such a pump is on average at the COP 8-10 level. Experimental studies conducted in the summer of 2018 showed that the COP for the operation of such a heat pump for conditioning needs averages about 11 in some cases is even higher than 16.

The research level: exceeds high level International Standards

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, O.S. Stupak.

Theme of DT 888 “DEVELOPMENT OF THE SCIENTIFIC BASIS OF THERMAL AND GAS DYNAMICS OF POWER INSTALLATIONS AND MONITORING EMISSIONS OF POLLUTING SUBSTANCES”

The target scientific program of the department of NAS of Ukraine, code 6541230

The main methods and technologies that reduce the formation of nitrogen oxides in coal-fired boilers TPP 312 were determined. The concept of a system for reducing nitrogen oxides was developed. It is based on a combination of primary and secondary methods for reducing the emission of nitrogen oxides into the atmosphere from a dust-coal boiler TPP 312 and allows to reduce nitrogen oxides : 20-25% during feeding the reagent to the flue gas recirculation nozzles located in the upper part of the furnace on the rear surface and the secondary air swirl in the burners; depending on the load 55-70% when twisting the secondary air in the burners and feeding the reagent reductant through a branched ammonia supply system located along the height and width of the pass and on the boiler ceiling.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level.

Performers: Kobzar S.G., Kovalenko G.V., Khalatov A.A.

Theme 1.7.1.864 “RESEARCH OF HEAT AND MASS TRANSFER IN CHANNELS WITH FLOW SWIRL AND CREATION OF NEW VORTEX TECHNOLOGIES FOR POWER ENGINEERING”

Departmental subjects, code 6541030

A search and tests of hydrophilic materials for the walls of the wet channels of the evaporative heat and mass transfer apparatus was performed. Experimental and computational studies were carried out and the laws of heat transfer and fluid dynamics of the humid air flow in the slotted channel as applied to the evaporative heat and mass transfer apparatus were determined. Experimental studies of heat transfer and hydrodynamics in the transverse flow around tube bundles with a spiral groove were carried out. The conditions for the advanced growth of heat transfer in comparison with hydraulic resistance were substantiated.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, I.I. Borisov, O.S. Stupak, G.V. Kovalenko

Theme 1.7.1.869: “IMPROVEMENT OF METHODS AND MODELS OF ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING THERMAL-GAS-DYNAMIC STATE AND RADIATION POLLUTION OF GROUND AND UNDERGROUND OBJECTS IN FIRES AND ACCIDENTS”

Departmental subjects, code 6541030

Models of thermo-gas-dynamic state, methodology and recommendations were introduced in the OS (Object Shelter) and the NSC (New Safe Confinement) of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant (as an example of a monitoring system), as well as in underground facilities (as an example, the utility company “Kiev Metro.” Recommendations developed to improve the energy efficiency of facilities through a computer audit and control the load on the heating system and ventilation were developed.

P.G. Krukovsky

Theme 1.7.1.870 “OPTIMIZATION OF ELECTRIC HEATING TECHNOLOGIES TO REPLACE NATURAL GAS IN THE DOMESTIC HEAT SUPPLY SYSTEM”

Departmental subjects, code 6541030

Recommendations on the selection of technologies for seasonal and daily cycles of energy storage for centralized, moderately centralized, decentralized, autonomous and individual heating systems. In accordance with the requirements of the EU Directive 844/2018 to the energy efficiency of buildings, a bivalent technology of heating apartment buildings of Ukraine was proposed as the basis of its housing stock. A generalization and processing of the results obtained were carried out. On their basis, a typical scheme of bivalent apartment energy supply of apartment buildings using the example of a house with horizontal wiring and radiation connection of heating devices was developed.

Level of research: meets international standards of a high level

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, N.P. Timchenko

Project P5.9-2019 “EXTENSION OF THE RESOURCE OF CONVECTIVE SURFACES OF HEATING BOILERS OF TPP 312 BY REDUCING ABRASIVE EROSION”

The target research program of the NAS of Ukraine “Reliability and durability of materials, constructipons, equipment and structures” (Resource-2), code 6541030

Stage 4: “Determination of negative factors affecting the thermal destruction of the boiler burner swirler TPP 312”

90 thousand UAH was received in 2019.

The corrosion rate of steel blades of a swirl pulverized coal burner of the TPP-312 boiler in real conditions of its operation was calculated. Steel 3 and steel 20 were used as the material. Computer simulation of thermogasdynamics of flows in the burner, the process of coal combustion in the boiler furnace was carried out in order to determine the temperature state of the blades. Using the experimental constants of the heterogeneous oxidation reaction, calculations to increase the weight of the material of the blade per surface unit and reduce the thickness of the base material were made. Data on the dynamics of the oxidation of the surface of the blades for various modes of operation of the burners were obtained.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar, I.I. Borisov.

Project N.E.4.4-2019 “ENHANCING THE ECOLOGY OF THE BOILER TPP 312 BY APPLYING REBURNING TECHNOLOGY WHEN USING TRADITIONAL AND RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES”

The target research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Intelligent environmentally friendly power with traditional and renewable energy sources” (“New Energy”) code 6541030

Stage 1. “Verification of the mechanisms of the chemical kinetics of the reduction of nitrogen oxides using Reburning technology with biomass pyrolysis products as afterburning fuel.”

Peculiarities of using biomass pyrolysis products as afterburning fuel in Reburning technology to reduce nitrogen oxides from a pulverized coal boiler TPP were considered. The mechanisms of the chemical kinetics of the Reburning process using pyrolysis gases were determined. The modules for the calculation of combustion and the formation of nitrogen oxides of the application package were improved and its verification was accomplished. Verification of the software package was carried out using open literature data. The results of test calculations showed that the process of reducing nitrogen oxides with biomass pyrolysis products can be calculated using a simplified mechanism by replacing hydrocarbons with one substance (with a similar carbon / hydrogen ratio as in a gas mixture), while maintaining the mass fraction of hydrocarbons in the afterburning fuel fed to the reduction nitrogen oxides unchanged. It is advisable to use a three-stage combustion mechanism as a hydrocarbon combustion mechanism. This approach can significantly reduce the cost of machine time and calculate the efficiency of the reduction of nitrogen oxides according to Reburning technology with an accuracy of 17%.

100 thousand UAH was received in 2019.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar.

PROJECT “CREATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF DEVICES FOR CONTROL OF THE EMISSION COEFFICIENT OF MATERIALS SURFACES AND COATINGS USING HIGH-SENSITIVE SENSORS OF INFARED RADIATION”

The target research program of the NAS of Ukraine “Semiconductor materials, technologies and sensors for technical systems of diagnostics, control and management”, code 6541230

Together with the department of heat metering, diagnostics and optimization in the energy sector.

Stage 2 Computer simulation of complex heat transfer of the sensor-surface system, prototyping of the main components of the device, study of their characteristics and development of working documentation.

Computer simulation of thermogasdynamics of the medium in the volume of the device cell to determine the radiation characteristics of the surface was carried out. A comparative analysis of thermal conductivity, free convection and radiation was carried out. It was found that the distribution of the heat flux substantially depends on the orientation of the sensor. A satisfactory distribution of the heat flux provides practical application of the vertical arrangement of the sensor with the upper position of the sensor, and the varient of horizontal arrangement of the sensor.

The share of the Department of High Temperature Thermogasdynamics in 2019 is 2,000 UAH.

Acad. of NAS of Ukraine A.A. Khalatov, S.G. Kobzar, I.I. Borisov

Project K-3-22-10 “IMPROVEMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE MODEL OF ANALYSIS AND FORECASTING THE DISTRIBUTION OF RADIOACTIVE AEROSOLS INSIDE AND OUTSIDE THE NEW SAFE CONFINEMENT”

The target comprehensive research program of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine “Nuclear and Radiation Technologies for the Energy Sector and Public Needs”

Stage: “Development and improvement of a three-dimensional model for the analysis of spatial distribution, forecasting, accumulation and secondary dust raising of the RA (Radioactive Aerosol) both inside the NSC (New Safe Confinement) and beyond when working with radioactive waste. Preparation of the interim report ”

code 6541030

Improved CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamic) three-dimensional model of thermogasdynamic and radiation state of a new safe confinement (NSC) and Shelter Object (OS) to assess the leakage of unorganized air flows outside the NSC through leaks of the NSC itself and building structures under its walls into the environment next to the organized flows through exhaust ventilation units of the main volume of the NSC depending on the directions and speed of the wind. Based on the principle of the inverse problem method, an algorithm has been developed for determining the Institute of Engineering Thermophysics of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and the State Specialized Enterprise “Chernobyl NPP” in terms of scientific and technical support of the operation of the “NSC-OS” complex using the models developed at IET. According to it IET has begun to obtain an effective area and level fugitive air leakage from RA outside the NSC to the environment using an advanced model of the external aerodynamic flow and internal hydraulic state of the NSC. An agreement on cooperation with the SE (State Enterprise) the Chernobyl NPP on the analysis and processing of data on the hydraulic characteristics of the NSC was concluded. Using the operating values of pressures and costs of the supply and exhaust ventilation units of the main volume of the NSC obtained from the SE the Chernobyl NPP, values of the effective area were obtained, which amounted to 8 … 9 m². As a result, the dependences of the levels of unorganized air leakage from the RA outside the NSC for different directions and wind speeds were obtained.

200 thousand UAH was received in 2019.

P.G. Krukovsky