Detailed directions of the department activity – Institute of Engineering Thermophysics

Detailed directions of the department activity

DEVELOPMENT OF THEORETICAL FOUNDATIONS OF MONITORING OF THE POWER OBJECTS CONDITIONS AND INCREASING THEIR EFFICIENCY

The goal of work – providing condition monitoring of critical components of the main and auxiliary equipment of boilers and heating mains and improving efficiency, environmental friendliness and reliability of low and medium power gas consumption of the boiler equipment.

The results of the research. Developed the method for the simulation of non-Gaussian noise signals generated during operation of thermal power equipment, which is based on the physics of their occurrence. Proposed the mathematical model of the acoustic signal of fluid leak in the pipeline and received his probability characteristics that are diagnostic parameters of such signals. Proposed a system of monitoring the heat loss in the areas of heating, which includes an acoustic detection system water leaks, the integral measuring system and the specific heat, and allow to determine objectively the operational mode of the actual status of heating systems.

MEASUREMENT AND CONTROL OF THERMAL QUANTITIES; DEVELOPMENT AND IMPLEMENTATION THE MEASURING TOOLS OF THERMAL CHARACTERISTICS AND THERMORADIATIVE PROPERTIES

The goal of work – to ensure the reliability of the measurement information about the energy, thermal and thermodynamic properties of new materials, substances and products; development, manufacturing and implementation the measuring tools of heat quantities for applications according to specifications.

The results of the research. Created more than 200 types and models of primary transducers (sensors) heat flow and temperature, and also thermal devices based on them, such as:

heatmetry devices, systems and facilities for measurement of the thermal conductivity coefficient of building materials, the heat resistance of glass packs, the emission coefficient of materials in long wavelengths of the spectrum, the heat of hydration of cement and concrete, and also for thermal tests of envelope building in laboratory and field conditions;
conduction bomb calorimeters to determine the heating power of solid, liquid and gaseous fuels;
tools for control of heat load on the aerodynamic payload fairing of a launch-vehicle during ascent to orbit spacecraft;
the system for measuring specific heat of samples of polymer and composite materials;
the device of synchronous thermal analysis for the measurement of heat of vaporization and heat capacity of plant raw materials and biofuels.

The unstructured testing laboratory functions on the basis of the department. It is certified in the SE “Ukrmetrteststandart” that allows to ensure the completeness and accuracy of tests, the reliability and objectivity of results, to monitor the quality of energy, to determine the effectiveness of the use of energy and material resources in the building, in the public power energy and the production and the introduction of certain industrial products (energy and process equipment, energy-saving coatings, building materials, etc.).

Complex work performed on the measurement and control of thermal quantities became an integral part of the work of the Institute, marked by the State Prize of Ukraine in Science and Technology in 2004 (Ph.D. Vorobyev L.Y., Dr. Sci. Grishchenko T.G., Ph.D. Dekusha L.V.).

For the development of heatmetry controlling tools of heat load on the aerodynamic payload fairing of a launch vehicle in flight conditions the Ph.D. O.L. Dekusha and Ph.D. S.I. Kovtun awarded the prize of President of Ukraine for young scientists in 2015.

SYSTEMS OF HEAT CONSUMPTION

The goal of work – to ensure efficient use of produced heat energy by automating the process using heat microprocessor control systems, and also alternative energy sources.

The results of the research. Analyzed the methods for increasing the efficiency of heating systems by controlling the heat load and the use of alternative energy sources. Analyzed the existing heat schemes, methods and automation tools heating units, carried out a comparative analysis of modern automated heating units. Developed the mathematical model of the quantitative management of automated heat control point. Developed the methods for saving energy by optimizing heat transfer and coolant flow, coolant temperature control in heating systems in view of the heat curve, depending on the outside temperature, time of day, day of week, seasonal regulation, reducing the air temperature in the unoccupied room, thermal energy accumulated in the heat accumulator and others.

HEAT GENERATION BASED ON HIGHLY EFFECTIVE COGENERATION AND HEAT PUMP TECHNOLOGIES

The goal of the work – the development of efficient technologies for generating heat energy in municipal power system based on the introduction of combined cogeneration and heat pump systems (CG-HPS) using renewable energy sources and local fuels to reduce the consumption of imported gas for heating and improving the environmental situation, as an alternative to the gas boiler.

The results of the research. The mathematical model for determining the fuel efficiency of combined integrated CG-HPS and economic efficiency of their use. The algorithm of the comparative analysis of the CGS, and PGS and CG-HPS are created, and also created a methods of projecting calculation is based on the stage of selecting the basic thermodynamic and economic indicators, thermal and mechanical equipment, and their optimization. Developed scheme of combined heat CG-HPS, and also technical and economic proposed for regional programs of modernization municipal power regions of Ukraine (Zaporizhzhya, Dnipropetrovsk, Cherkasy, Vinnytsia and Crimea and Sevastopol).

The introduction of the combined CG-HPS will reduce the consumption of gas for the generation of heat in comparison with the existing boilers at 40 … 60% with payback periods from 3 to 5 years.

DEVELOPMENT OF NORMATIVE AND METHODOLOGICAL BASE

The goal of work – to certify the unity, validity and comparability of measurement results of the heat flow, thermal characteristics and thermoradiation properties of materials and coatings, control of parameters of thermal conditions of the equipment, buildings and structures.

The results of the research. Developed the 35 regulatory guidance documents, including national (DSTU, DSTU BV) and interstate (GOST, DSTU (GOST)), and also harmonized with international (DSTU ISO, DSTU EN) standards of Ukraine for solving problems in the field of thermal quantities measurement.